Respiratory
Cardiac I
Cardiac II
Hematology/Immun
100

List 3 signs of respiratory distress

Hypoxemia, coughing, retractions, cyanosis, unable to speak in complete sentences

100

List 3 symptoms of heart failure

Orthopnea, tachycardia, fatigue, decreased BP, difficulty feeding, diaphoretic, weak, pale, wt gain, decreased urine output, nasal flaring

100

Symptoms of bacterial endocarditis and what would you tell a parent to do for a child that presents with these symptoms

Decreased po, fever, muscle and joint pain

Bring child in immediately

100

Benefits of an RBC transfusion in a child with anemia

increased energy, improved oxygenation, improved color

200

List 3 orders you will anticipate for a child that presents with respiratory distress

Continuous pulse ox, labs, viral swab, oxygen, RT consult, nebulizer treatments

200

How will you explain to parents why sedation is needed in their child that has poor cardiac function?

The heart needs to rest and sedation will help your baby stay calm

200

List 3 signs or symptoms of Kawasaki disease

Red palms/soles, strawberry tongue, lymphadenopathy, fever, fatigue, peeling skin, rash, red eyes

200

What is the number one cause of iron deficiency anemia in toddlers? 

Cow's milk, it is not a good source of iron for this age group

300

List 3 findings that you will see in a child whose respiratory condition is improving

Oxygenation, increased oral intake, increased LOC, improved blood pressure

300

What nutritional adjustments need to be made for a baby in heart failure?

Increased calories

300

What should you teach families of a child with kawasaki disease regarding vaccinations? 

Avoid any live virus vaccines for 11 months

300

What product can you anticipate to be ordered prior to procedures for a hemophilia A child? 

Recombinant

400

At what age can you anticipate a child with pneumonia to be diagnosed with mycoplasma pneumonia?

5 yrs old and up 

400

Priority action when Digoxin is due and child is vomiting

Hold med and notify provider

400

List 2 causes of acquired cardiac defects

infection, autoimmune, familial, environmental

400

What is the priority teaching you would give to a family with a child that has acquired immunodeficiency syndrome? 

Infection control and prevention

500

What is the term used for the "common cold"?

Nasopharyngitis

500

Digoxin should be withheld for an apical heart rate of below what in an infant and what in a child?

Infant 90

Child 70

500

What is the most common cardiac anomaly? 

 VSD

500

List 2 priority actions you would take for a hemophiliac child post tonsillectomy 

Watch for increased swallowing, ensure there is factor VIII available, assess for bleeding

600

Name one condition that a child with strep pharyngitis is at risk for if untreated

Acute rheumatic fever, acute glomerulonephritis, scarlet fever

600

Priority action for a child with active bleeding at the site after a cardiac cath

Apply direct pressure above the insertion site

600

What kind of diet can you anticipate a child with CHD be on? 

High protein

600

Symptoms of acute chest syndrome in sickle cell anemia

chest pain, fever, cough, tachypnea, wheezing, and hypoxia  

*emergent

700

Number the drug of choice (pending no allergies) prescribed for a child with strep pharyngitis

PCN

700

Clinical manifestation of coarctation of the aorta

increased BP in the arms with decreased BP in the legs

700

What does the term "innocent murmur" mean? 

normal cardiac anatomy and cardiac function

700

Ineffective tissue perfusion r/t thrombosis can be a consequence of what disorder?

Acute vaso-occlusive crisis

800

What is the primary etiology of mononucleosis?

EBV

800

Heart defect that results in decreased pulmonary blood flow AND cyanosis in a newborn

Tetralogy of Fallot

800

If a murmur is grade 4, what does this indicate? 

loud murmur with a palpable thrill

800

What medication should be included for a sickle cell child who is in MILD pain? 

Tylenol 

900

Which organ is primarily impacted in a child with mononucleosis and prevents the child from participating in contact sports?

spleen

900

How would you describe the pulmonary blood flow in a child with a patent ductus arteriosus?

Increased pulmonary flow

900

Name 2 defects that are considered "obstructive"

coarctation of the aorta, aortic stenosis, pulmonic stenosis

900

What is the number one intervention to prevent sickle cell crisis? 

Hydration

1000

What will you instruct parents on when an antiviral can be given to their child who has flu like symptoms?

Must be given within the first 48 hours of symptoms

1000

In a newborn with cyanotic heart disease what nursing actions should be included in POC?

I/O, keep calm, cluster care, monitor VS

1000

When should you notify the surgeon regarding your patient's chest tube output? 

Notify surgeon if chest tube drainage greater than 3 ml/kg/hr × 3 consecutive hours OR 5 to 10 ml/kg in any 1 hr

1000

What medication is used for iron overload as a consequence of frequent blood transfusions? 

Deferoxamine

1100

Name 2 interventions that can help prevent ear infections

Breastfeeding, bottle feed upright (no bottle prop), no second hand smoke exposure, PCV vaccine

1100

Prostaglandin is ordered until surgical correction. How will this be administered

Continuous infusion until surgery is completed

1100

List 3 symptoms of cardiac tamponade 

tachycardia, hypotension, tachypnea, JVD, feeling of panic, decreased LOC

1100

What is the inheritance percentage of a couple having a child with sickle cell disease? 

There is a 25% chance of having a child with sickle cell 

1200

Otitis externa is also known as....

swimmers ear

1200

List the cyanotic heart defects

Tetralogy of Fallot, Truncus arteriosus, Transposition of great vessels, Tricuspid atresia

1200

List 3 symptoms of Postpericardiotomy Syndrome  

fever, WBCs, pericardial friction rub, pericardial, and pleural effusion

1200

List 3 symptoms you will see in a child with anemia

poor feeding, tachycardia, tachypnea, FTT, pale, weak

1300

Name 3 signs or symptoms you will see in a child with epiglottitis

Abrupt onset, Sore throat, pain, tripod positioning, retractions ,Inspiratory stridor, mild hypoxia, distress,
Fever

1300

What defects are included in Tetralogy of Fallot?

VSD, Aorta enlargement, Pulmonary stenosis, Right ventricle hypertorphy

1300

What is the purpose of digoxin? 

Improves contractility 

1300

Which type of thalassemia is considered "silent" due to the fact that the child is usually asymptomatic? 

Thalassemia minor

1400

What is the purpose of the spacer that is used with MDI treatments?

increases the amount of medication delivered to the lungs

1400

What is the purpose of the ductus arteriosus? 

 lets blood bypass the lungs

1400

Treatment of Kawasaki disease

IVIG, high dose aspirin

1400

What labs can you expect to find in a child in DIC? (name 2)

Decreased platelets, prolonged PT/PTT, decreased fibrinogen

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