Leukemia
Primary disorders of the bone marrow may be classified as acute or chronic.
Leukemia
The shape of the nails "spooning"
Iron-deciciency
Corticosteroids may be administered for 2-3 weeks. A single dose of IVIG may be used as an adjunct.
Idiopathic Thrombocytopenia Purpura
This is a classification: bone tumors are most often dx in adolescence, whereas soft tissue tumors tend to occur in younger children.
Sarcomas
Account for 10% to 15% of cases of childhood cancer.
Lymphomas
Curable cancer if dx early, teen boys should begin to perform testicular self-examinations monthly.
Testicular cancer
To promote adequate nourishment what s/sx should the nurse monitor for?
Nausea/vomiting
Characterized by bone marrow aplasia and pancytopenia.
Aplastic anemia
Carrier mothers to their sons, so usually only males are affected.
Hemophilia
The most common sites are in the long bones: humerus, proximal tibial, and distal femur.
Osteosarcoma
Tend to affect lymph nodes located more deeply inside the body?
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
Can this be prevented through the use of human papillomavirus vaccine?
Cervical Cancer
Nursing interventions for children and families with acute/chronic medical dx.
Active listening, emotional support services, support groups, palliative care, code status education/re-education.
Treatment includes injectable B12.
Pernicious Anemia
Affects mostly male young children associated with viral or bacterial infection.
Henoch-Schonlein Purpura
Complications: lung mets, bone/bone marrow, and resulting in brain stem compromises or cranial nerve palsy.
rhabdomyosarcoma
Complications: hydrocephalus, increased intracranial pressure, and brain stem herniation.
Brain tumors
H&P question: Paint in homes built before 1978?
Lead poisoning
Affects precursors in the bone marrow; resulting in malignant invasive fast-growing cells.
Acute Myelogenous leukemia
Abnormal erythrocytes carry less oxygen and clog vessels, causing hypoxia and tissue ischemia.
Sickle cell disease
Widespread coagulation followed by massive bleeding because of the depletion of clotting factors
(DIC) Disseminated intravascular coagulation
Common renal tumor, etiology is unknown, usually unilateral.
Wilms Tumor
Mutations in the B and T lymphocytes that lead to uncontrolled growth?
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Arises from embryonic neural crest cells?
Neuroblastoma
Classified according to the type of cell involved- T cells, B cells, or early pre-B Cells
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Abnormal hemoglobin from a lack of one of two proteins that make up hemoglobin (alpha and beta globin)
Thalassemia
Children bruise easily and have frequent nosebleeds. Affects both genders and all races.
Von Willebrand Disease
A highly malignant tumor often noticed by "cat's eye reflex" or "whitewash glow"?
Link to Epstein-Barr virus. They are classified as A (asymptomatic) or B (symptomatic).
Hodgkin Disease
Highly malignant bone tumor; mostly frequently in the pelvis or femur?
Ewing Sarcoma