Anatomy
Which bony features appears circular on an AP spine projection?
Pedicles
What two anatomical structures should be superimposed on an AP Cervical Spine projection?
Occiput and Symphysis Menti (Chin)
ASIS stands for ....
Anterior Superior Iliac Spine
What should be used for adult pelvis projections to improve image quality and reduce noise
Anti-scatter grid
Which bones form part of the Pelvic girdle?
Ishium, Ilium, Pubis and Sacrum
Which joints should be visible inferiorly on an AP Lumbar Spine projection?
Sacroiliac joints
The centring point for a lateral lumbar spines sits 7.5 cms anterior to the spinous process of which vertebra?
L3
What bony landmarks should be included at the superior border of an AP Pelvis projection?
Iliac crests
What kVp range would be used for an average sized adult patient for an AP Pelvis projection?
70-80 kVp
What type of vertebral fracture reduces the anterior height of a vertebral body?
Wedge compression fracture
Where do we locate the Fovea?
Head of the Femur
Why should a patient be asked to hold their breath in during a Thoracic Spine examination?
To move the diaphragms down, providing even density adjacent to the spine.
Which soft tissue landmark is the centre point for an AP Cervical Spine
Thyroid Cartilage (C5)
Keeping the exposure factors the same, what will have the greatest effect on the DAP reading for patients undergoing spinal examinations?
Collimation
What appearance would bone have in Pagets diesease?
Fluffy, cotton-wool, mixed density and/or expansile
What part of a typical vertebra joins the transverse process to the spinous process?
Lamina
How can an HBL hip projection be improved if the acetabulum/femoral head is unclear without increasing the exposure?
Move the patients unaffected leg out of the way and/or adjust tube angle
The Median Saggital plane should be ??????? to the detector on a lateral lumbar spine projection?
Parallel
Why is broad focus selected for x-rays of Lumbar Spine and Pelvis?
To reduce heat and prevent damage to the Anode
A femoral fracture distal to the Trocanters can be described as what?
Extra-Capsular
What bony landmark of the pelvis do the Hamstrings attach to?
Ischial Tuberosity
A Lateral Cervical Spine projection is considered undiagnostic if what vertebral junction is not visualised?
C7/T1
Which line runs from the inferior border of the femoral neck to the inferior border of the pubis?
Shenton's Line
Why do we NOT use a grid for a lateral cervical spine projection routinely?
There is an air-gap between the neck and the detector which reduces scatter.
What is Ankylosing Spondylitis?
An inflammatory disease that causes eventual fusion of the spinal column (Bamboo Spine)