An informal way to assess a student's written language development, learn about their culture and interests, and interact with them on a daily basis.
What are dialogue journals?
100
All humans develop this type of language.
What is social/oral language?
100
Words that we are able to understand when we read or hear them.
What is receptive language?
100
Second language needs to be understandable to the learner, and contain grammatical structures that are just a bit beyond the acquirer's current level of second language development.
What is Krashen's "Input Hypothesis"?
200
Created 5 hypotheses regarding second language acquisition.
Who is Stephen Krashen?
200
Content standards, benchmarks, and performance standards or progress indicators.
What are the three components to Standards-Based Instruction?
200
Student placement, program evaluation, and documentation of student learning.
What are three purposes of assessment?
200
Vocabulary, syntax, and discourse strategies.
What are the linguistic features of academic language?
200
To assist with second language acquisition a student needs a low-stress environment that motivates them as well as builds their self-confidence and self-esteem.
What is Krashen's "Affective Filter" hypothesis?
300
Believes that all people are born with a language acquisition device (LAD).
Who is Noam Chomsky?
300
An instructional program that uses the students' L1 to teach literacy and academic content as a bridge to English. English is used increasingly with the goal of complete English instruction within a few years.
What is an "Early Exit Transitional" bilingual program?
300
teacher-made tests, miscue analysis of oral reading, checklists, anecdotal observations, and student work samples.
What is informal assessment?
300
A term used to describe language skills emphasizing the idea that linguistic proficiency extends beyond grammatical forms and meaning to include social conventions required for successful communication.
What is "communicative competence"?
300
Caregivers play a critical role in adjusting language to facilitate the use of innate capacities for language acquisition. Both nature and nuture are important in the first language acquisition process.
What is the "interactionist theory" of language learning?
400
Two researcher/theorists most closely associated with researching hidden family resources and the idea of "Funds of Knowledge".
Who are Luis Moll and Norma Gonzalez?
400
Meaning and purpose, building on prior knowledge, integrating opportunities to use oral and written language for learning purposes, scaffolding for support, collaboration, and variety.
What are six criteria for organizing thematic instruction?
400
An oral language assessment that focuses on comprehension, fluency, vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation.
What is the Student Oral Language Observation Matrix (SOLOM)
400
The sociolinguistic rules governing language use in communicative context
What is pragmatics?
400
Instrumental, Regulatory, Interactional, Personal, Heuristic, Imaginative, Informative, and Divertive
What are Halliday's functional categories?
500
Theorized that there is a Common Underlying Proficiency (CUP) that helps with the acquisition of additional languages; and that there is an important difference between development of social skills or "Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills" (BICS); and academic skills, or "Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency" (CALP).
Who is Jim Cummins?
500
Literacy events that involve reading and writing whole texts- such as stories, poems, songs, and recipes - that serve real, day-to-day purposes.
What are holistic strategies?
500
Multiple choice tests, matching items, personal dictionaries, engage studetns in discusison of word meanings.
What are strategies to assess second language learners vocabulary progress?
500
Letters or letterlike forms do not represent speech sounds.
What is prephonetic spelling?
500
Build on background knowledge, preview before reading, teach basic words explicitly, act out words, provide frequent repetitive exposure
What are modifications of teaching strategies for teaching vocabulary to ELLs?