First Mishnah & Basic Gemara Knowledge
שומר חינם
:is one of four types of this
Shomrim
הוה אמינא
What is "I would have said"?
This word is implied in the Gemara's first question on the Mishnah
Both
פירות דקל
are an example of this
What is "things that are likely to come into this world"?
The Aramaic term that means "needed" and here means "both are needed."
What is "צריכי"?
Ownership of this is transferred to the שומר חינם in the case of the רישא (the שומר חינם chooses to pay for the stolen cow rather than swear)
What is "the כפל"?
נפיש
What is "Great"?
The gemara's first question, in Aramaic is:
What is "למה ליה למתני בהמה ולמה ליה למתני כלים"?
ר"מ
What is "רבי מאיר"?
מקני ליה כפילא
What is "transfer the ownership of the fine/double payment (to the שומר חינם)"?
Our Mishnah (and the start of our Gemara) is on this daf
ה"מ
Words and translation
הני מילי
these words (are in the case of)
If the Mishnah only mentioned vessels, we'd assume this in the case of an animal being stolen
What is "that the owner wouldn't transfer ownership of the kefel to the shomer chinam because it is too much money"?
מתקיף לה רמי בר חמא...
...Rami Bar Chama's objection
What is
והא אין אדם מקנה דבר שלא בא לעולם"
Don't we have a concept that you can't transfer ownership of something that doesn't yet exist in this world"?
"Who would say?," in Aramaic
מי יימר
The cow was worth $100, but the thief had to pay a fine of 4 or 5 times that amount because...
What is "They sold or slaughtered the cow - טבח ומכר"?
אם תימצי לומר
What is "if you wish to say"?
The owner of the valuable object, in Aramaic
בעל הפיקדון
Rava's answer to Rami Bar Chama's objection (ie, how he solves the issue of transfering ownership of something that doesn't yet exist in this world)
What is "הרי פרתי קנויה לך מעכשיו" - "the owner/ba'al hapikadon says in the event that the cow is stolen and the thief is found and you pay rather than swear and the thief is required to pay the fine, then my cow retroactively belonged to you from the time of this contract"?
מודי ומפטר
What is "Admit and be patur / exempt"?
The שֻׁלְחָן עָרוּך and the מִשְׁנֵה תוֹרָה are both examples of this, based on the Mishnah and Gemara.
What are "halachic codes"?
דלמא
Maybe
The gemara concludes answering its first question with (basically) the same word with which it began the answer which is :
צריכא
נעשה כאומר לו
is an example of something that goes into
.למפרע effect
למפרע Translate
What is "retroactive"?
דעבידי דאתו
What is "That are likely to come into this world"?