Past Modal Forms
I _____________ (could/ study) medicine. But I became a teacher instead.
I COULD HAVE STUDIED medicine. But I became a teacher instead.
Emma got a terrible grade on her exam.
Ex: "She must not have studied enough. She might have forgotten to check her answers."
1) begin 2) meet 3) hurt
1) begun 2) met 3) hurt
Erica must has gone out. I can't find her anywhere.
HAVE
Jeanette isn't here. She __________ (must/ go) home early.
Jeanette isn't here. She MUST HAVE GONE home early.
Alex showed up to school wearing two different shoes.
Ex: He must have been in a rush this morning. He might have gotten dressed in the dark. He might have woken up late.
1) grow 2) lend 3) hide
1) grown 2) lent 3) hidden
Michael is running late. He might have got stuck in traffic.
GOTTEN
Dean ______________ (should/ not/ drive) home after the party last night. He was stopped for drunk driving.
Dean SHOULD NOT / SHOULDN'T HAVE DRIVEN home after the party last night. He was stopped for drunk driving.
Lena’s phone is completely dead, even though she charged it last night.
Ex: Her charger might have been broken.
1) eat 2) give 3) pay
1) eaten 2) given 3) paid
Lily has a great suntan. She must go somewhere hot for her vacation.
HAVE GONE
You ____________ (should/ go) on the cruise. You __________ (would/ love) it.
You SHOULD HAVE GONE on the cruise. You WOULD HAVE LOVED it.
Daniel got sunburned even though he was outside for only an hour.
Ex: He must not have put on sunscreen. The sun might have been stronger than he expected.
1) throw 2) wear 3) wake up
1) thrown 2) worn 3) woken up
I think Gabriel drink all the milk. There's none left.
MUST HAVE DRUNK
I ___________(could/ study) architecture. I ___________ (would/be) really good at it. I ___________ (might/ be) famous.
I COULD HAVE STUDIED architecture. I WOULD HAVE BEEN really good at it. I MIGHT HAVE BEEN famous.
The class was supposed to have a test, but the teacher never showed up.
Ex: She must have forgotten about it. She might have had an emergency.
1) buy 2) catch 3) show
1) bought 2) caught 3) shown
Jenna is late. She may have took the wrong road.
MAY/ MIGHT HAVE TAKEN