Present Perfect
Past Perfect
Future Perfect
Perfect Inversion & Clauses
Advanced Transformations
100

She ... (work) here for ten years and she loves it.

 has been working

100

The film ... (start) by the time we found our seats.

had started

100

By this time next week, I ... (finish) my exams.

will have finished

100

Hardly ... (I / finish) my meal when the waiter took the plate.

 finished

100

It’s been ages since I last saw him. (Use: Haven't)

I haven't seen him for ages.

200

My hands are dirty because I ... (repair) the car.

have been repairing

200

I ... (wait) for over an hour before the bus finally arrived.

had been waiting

200

In July, they ... (be) married for exactly 25 years.

will have been

200

No sooner ... (he / arrive) than he was asked to leave again.

had he arrived

200

This is the first time I've ever been here. (Use: Never)

I have never been here before.

300

This is the most complex book I ... (ever / read).

have ever read

300

I ... (hope) to meet her, but she had already left.

had hoped  

300

By 2030, scientists ... (work) on this cure for decades.

will have been working

300

I'm exhausted! I ... (work) since five o'clock this morning.

have been working

300

When did you start this job? (Use: How long)

How long have you been doing this job?

400

You look exhausted. ... you ... (run) all this time?

ave you been running?

400

He ... (only / work) there for a month when he got promoted.

had only been working

400

How many pages ... you ... (write) by the end of the day?

will you have written

400

Had I known about the party, I ... (go).

would have gone  

400

He began painting at 9 AM. It’s 2 PM now. (Use: Since)

He has been painting since 9 AM.

500


I ... (mean) to tell you, but it kept slipping my mind.

have been meaning

500

Everything was white because it ... (snow) for days.

had been snowing

500

By the time they retire, they ... (save) $1 million.

will have saved

500

Scarcely ... (the sun / set) when the temperature dropped.

had the sun set

500

I didn't recognize her because she changed so much. (Use: Past Perfect)

...because she had changed so much.

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