Anesthetics & Induction
This short-acting IV anesthetic used for induction has a very fast onset of 30-45 seconds, but is contraindicated in patients with allergies to eggs or soybeans.
What is Propofol (Diprivan)?
This depolarizing muscle relaxant is used for airway intubation because of its rapid onset, but it cannot be reversed.
What is Succinylcholine?
This device allows the infusion of a prescribed amount of analgesia through an IV when the patient pushes a button.
What is a PCA Pump (Patient Controlled Analgesia)?
This substance is often added to local anesthetics to induce vasoconstriction and delay absorption.
What is Epinephrine?
If a patient has a known medication allergy, this is the priority action.
What is Apply a bracelet?
Often used for conscious sedation or induction, this benzodiazepine has amnesic and anxiolytic effects and is titrated to effect.
What is Midazolam (Versed)?
This medication is the specific treatment for Malignant Hyperthermia, with an initial dose of 2.5 mg/kg.
What is Dantrolene?
Total daily doses of acetaminophen (Tylenol) should not exceed this amount due to the risk of liver damage.
What is 3,000 mg?
Between Lidocaine and Bupivacaine, this medication has the slower onset but a longer duration of 4 to 8 hours.
What is Bupivacaine?
While some home meds may be held, this medication should not be held, and blood glucose should be monitored closely.
What is Insulin?
Volatile agents (gases) like Isoflurane and Sevoflurane work by reversibly inhibiting this process in the CNS.
What is Synaptic transmission of nerve impulses?
Nondepolarizing agents like Rocuronium work by competing with native acetylcholine at this specific location.
What is the Neuromuscular junction?
Ketorolac (Toradol) is an IV NSAID that should be used for less than 5 days and can cause this specific post-op complication.
What is Bleeding?
For spinal anesthesia, medication is injected into this specific space surrounding the spinal cord.
What is the Intrathecal space?
This serotonin receptor antagonist is commonly used 4mg IV every 8 hours to treat post-op nausea and vomiting.
What is Ondansetron (Zofran)?
This IV anesthetic is typically administered in an initial bolus of 1-4 mg/kg and causes rapid wake-up after infusion stops.
What is Propofol?
This cholinergic agent reverses the effects of nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockers but can cause bronchospasms.
What is Neostigmine (Prostigmin)?
Opioids provide pain relief by binding to receptors located in the brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, and this body system.
What is the Gastrointestinal tract?
Patients receiving spinal anesthesia should be kept flat to avoid this common side effect.
What is a Headache?
Pre-operative patients taking this class of drugs (e.g., prednisone) may experience raised blood sugars.
What are Steroids?
In Monitored Anesthesia Care (MAC), anesthesia is provided without this occurring.
What is Unconsciousness?
To prevent side effects like salivation and bradycardia, Neostigmine is typically administered along with this anticholinergic agent.
What is Atropine?
When taking Ketorolac, patients should avoid other NSAIDs and be monitored for toxicity if they take this specific psychiatric medication.
What is Lithium?
Novocaine (Procaine) works by binding to sodium channels on nerve cell membranes, preventing the entry of these ions.
What are Sodium ions?
To treat post-op constipation, this stimulant laxative works by stimulating the intestine to produce a bowel movement.
What is Bisacodyl (Dulcolax)?