Colonial Regions
This colony was established in 1634 by Lord Baltimore as a refuge for English Catholics fleeing religious persecution
Maryland
Landlessness among former indentured servants and frustration over Governor Berkeley's Native American policies triggered this 1676 uprising in Virginia
Bacon's Rebellion
An economic philosophy asserting that colonies exist solely to enrich the mother country through a favorable balance of trade
Mercantilism
This religious movement in the 1730s and 1740s emphasized personal emotional piety, undermined traditional clergy, and unified colonists across regional lines.
The Great Awakening
John Winthrop’s famous 1630 sermon A Modell of Christian Charity called on Massachusetts Bay Puritans to be an exemplary religious community known by this metaphor.
City Upon a Hill
Originally settled by the Dutch as New Netherland, this colony was taken over by the English in 1664
New York
This 1680 uprising in the American Southwest temporarily expelled Spanish colonizers and suppressed Catholic missionary activity
Pueblo Revolt
Starting in 1651, Parliament passed these laws requiring colonial trade to be conducted exclusively on British ships and through British ports
Navigation Acts
Whose political theory argued that governments derive their legitimacy from the consent of the governed and must protect life, liberty, and property
John Locke
This religious dissenter was banished from Massachusetts Bay in the 1630s for claiming that believers received direct revelations from the Holy Spirit.
Anne Hutchinson
This region’s economy relied on a mixed model of family farming, shipbuilding, and fishing.
New England
This 1675–1676 conflict between New England colonists and an alliance of Native American tribes drastically reduced Indigenous resistance in southern New England
King Philip's War / Metacom's War
Tobacco in the Chesapeake and rice/indigo in the Carolinas are examples of these market-oriented colonial exports
Staple Crops / Cash Crops
This 1735 trial in New York set a historical precedent for freedom of the press in colonial North America
Zenger Trial
John Easton met with the leader of a Native American alliance in 1675 to prevent this war from breaking out.
King Phillip's War / Metacom's War
This colony was designed as a "Holy Experiment" offering religious freedom and equitable land policies to Quakers and others
Pennsylvania
The passage of strict "slave codes" in South Carolina was a direct consequence of this major 1739 slave uprising
Stono Rebellion
This unofficial British policy of relaxed enforcement of trade regulations during the early 1700s gave American colonies greater political and economic autonomy
Salutary Neglect
The process by which British colonies increasingly adopted English political structures, cultural norms, and commercial tastes during the 18th century
Anglicization
Jonathan Edwards delivered this famous 1741 sermon using vivid imagery of hell to provoke emotional conversion during the Great Awakening
Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God
This land system offered 50 acres of land to anyone who paid for their own or another person's transportation to the Virginia colony
Headright System
This 1620 agreement signed aboard an English ship established a civic body politic and served as an early framework for self-government
Mayflower Compact
Goods such as sugar, tobacco, and indigo that Parliament mandated could only be shipped to England or other English colonies under trade acts
Enumerated Goods
Established in Virginia in 1619, this assembly served as the first elected representative legislative body in the American colonies
House of Burgesses
Passed in 1649 to protect Trinitarian Christians in Maryland, this act served as an early legislative step toward religious tolerance.
Maryland Toleration Acts