Colonies & Settlement
This colony, founded in 1607, was the first permanent English settlement in North America
Jamestown
The first representative legislative assembly in the colonies was created in Virginia in 1619.
The House of Burgesses
This system granted land (50 acres) to settlers in Virginia for bringing indentured servants to the colony
Headright system
The 1640s–50s wars between English settlers and the Powhatan Confederacy were primarily over this issue
Land / territorial expansion
This colonial region’s economy was based on shipbuilding, fishing, and trade.
New England
This group founded Plymouth Colony in 1620 seeking religious freedom
The Pilgrims
This Enlightenment thinker’s ideas on natural rights influenced colonial political thought.
John Locke
The name of the trans-Atlantic journey enslaved people forcibly took
The Middle Passage
The Pueblo Revolt, Anglo-Powhatan Wars, and King Philip’s War all demonstrate:
A. Colonists’ reliance on European allies
B. Native American resistance to European encroachment
C. British policies of salutary neglect
D. French dominance in the fur trade
B. Native American resistance to European encroachment
This region was known for religious and ethnic diversity and grain production
The Middle Colonies
This colony, founded by Roger Williams after his banishment from Massachusetts Bay, became known for its unprecedented religious freedom and separation of church and state, serving as a refuge for dissenters like Anne Hutchinson
Rhode Island
“We … solemnly and mutually … combine ourselves together into a civil body politic, for our better ordering and preservation … and by virtue hereof to enact … just and equal laws … for the general good of the colony.” – Mayflower Compact, 1620
The Mayflower Compact is significant because it:
A. Established the first written constitution in the colonies
B. Created a model of direct democracy and majority rule
C. Guaranteed religious freedom for all settlers
D. Established separation of church and state
Created a model of direct democracy and majority rule
This trade route connected Europe, Africa, and the Americas, moving goods and enslaved people.
Triangular Trade
The French and Dutch built economic and diplomatic relationships with Native Americans primarily through this trade
The fur trade
These colonies relied heavily on enslaved Africans and plantation agriculture, producing rice and indigo for export.
Southern colonies / South Carolina and Georgia
Which of the following best describes English colonization compared to Spanish or French efforts?
A. Focused on resource extraction and intermarriage with Natives
B. Attracted large numbers of settlers seeking land and religious freedom
C. Primarily relied on alliances with Native groups for trade
D. Had little interest in agriculture
B. Attracted large numbers of settlers seeking land and religious freedom
“For we must consider that we shall be as a city upon a hill...” – John Winthrop
What best explains the purpose of this statement?
A. To encourage economic expansion
B. To promote religious tolerance for all
C. To establish the idea of a religious mission and community unity
D. To call for separation of church and state
C. To establish the idea of a religious mission and community unity
This British policy of loose enforcement of trade laws allowed the colonies to develop self-rule.
Salutary Neglect
TWO PART QUESTION:
After ____________ (NAME THE EVENT), colonial elites in the Chesapeake made changes to labor and social structures primarily to:
A. Promote religious freedom and tolerance
B. Prevent poor whites and enslaved Africans from uniting against them
C. Encourage indentured servants to gain land
D. End all conflicts with Native Americans
1. BACON'S REBELLION
2. Answer: B. Prevent poor whites and enslaved Africans from uniting against them
This crop made the Chesapeake and North Carolina colonies profitable and dependent on indentured servitude and enslaved labor
Tobacco
The Dutch established this colony, later taken over by the English and renamed New York.
New Netherland
This Puritan woman was banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony for challenging the authority of ministers and promoting her own religious interpretations, eventually helping to establish Rhode Island as a place of greater religious tolerance.
Anne Hutchinson
This economic theory held that colonies existed to benefit the mother country through trade and accumulation of wealth.
Mercantilism
This Native American leader organized a confederacy to resist English settlement in 1675, leading to a bloody war in New England.
Metacom (King Philip)
George Whitefield and Johnathan Edwards were famous preachers associated with which colonial movement?
The First Great Awakening