Graphs
This graph uses bars for categorical data.
Bar graph
This is the average of a dataset.
mean
The probability of flipping heads on a fair coin.
1/2
Every person has an equal chance to be selected in this type of sample.
Simple random sample
Correlation does not imply this.
Causation
This graph shows distributions of quantitative data.
Histogram
This is the middle value of ordered data.
Median
The probability of rolling a 6 on a fair die.
1/6
Asking only your friends creates this type of bias.
Most people think they are above average at this activity.
Driving
This graph uses boxes and whiskers.
Boxplot
This measures spread around the mean.
Standar deviation
The probability of getting at least one heads in 2 flips.
75%
Online polls often create this kind of bias.
Voluntary response bias
This term describes unusual data values.
Outliers
This graph shows relationships between two quantitative variables.
Scatterplot
This measure of center is resistant to outliers.
Median
About 68% of normal data falls within this many standard deviations.
1 standard deviation
Changing question wording creates this bias.
Wording bias
“Lies, damned lies, and” these.
Statistics
This bell-shaped distribution is common in statistics.
Normal distribution
This statistic tells how many standard deviations a value is from the mean.
Z-score
Switching doors improves odds in this famous puzzle.
Monty Hall Problem
A sample selected completely by chance is called this.
Random sample
Extreme performances tending back toward average is called this phenomenon.
Regression to the mean