Acts/Movements
was a large court case that ruled racial segregation laws did not violate the US Constitution as long as the facilities for each race were equal in quality.
Plessy V Ferguson
Andrew Carnegie
The movement that was launched at the Seneca Falls Convention in 1848.
Voting rights for women
the first of a series of gold strikes and silver strikes, which kept a steady flow of prospectors pushing into the western mountains into the 1890s that helped settle the West.
California Gold Rush
concentrated on “bread-and-butter unionism” attaining narrower economic goals. Founded in 1886 as an association of 25 craft unions of skilled workers.
National Labor Union/ American Federation of Labor
A US federal law that was signed by President Chester A. Arthur on May 6th 1882. Prohibiting all immigration of Chinese laborers for 10 years.
Chinese Immigration Ban
Was a captain of industry, who founded the standard oil company in 1870, and was the richest person in modern history
John D. Rockerfeller
attracted the attention of urban reformers because excessive drinking of alcohol by male factory workers was one of the main causes of poverty for immigrant and working class families.
Temperance
new inventions, which were improved by innovations, that were vital to industrial development in the United States. Inventions during the mid/late 1800’s included the transatlantic cable, telephone, telegraph, railroad, electric power, and electric light.
Technological Advances
Adam Smith argued that mercantilism and government regulations were less efficient than allowing businesses to be motivated by their own self-interest. Unregulated businesses would be more prosperous.
Laissez-Faire capitalism
promoted settlement of the Great Plains by offering parcels of 160 acres of public land free to any person or family that farmed that land for at least five years.
Homestead Act
Built his wealth in railroads and shipping, worked his way into leadership positions in the water trade, and invested in the rapidly growing railroad industry.
The growth of the middle class, industry, and knowledge in the physical and social sciences raised challenging questions about what schools should teach.
Education
practices used in the South as they remained largely agricultural throughout industrial growth. ______paid for the use of land with a share of the crop, and ______ rented land.
sharecroppers and tenant farmers
The Greenback Party was organized in 1876 by supporters for the expansion of the supply of paper money. It was short lived and died out in the 1870s, however, the goal of increasing the amount of money in circulation did not.
Green Back Party
is a political, environmental, and social movement that seeks to manage and protect natural resources, including animal, fungus, and plant species as well as their habitat for the future.
Conservation Act
Booker T. Washington
argued that the wealthy had a moral responsibility to carry out projects of civic philanthropy to help other members of society better themselves and in turn improve society.
Gospel of Wealth
the settlement of Americans on American Indian lands led to violence known as the Indian Wars. These events were defined by efforts made by American Indians to resist U.S. government controls in the western frontier, resulting in violence.
Sioux War, Little Big Horn, Wounded Knee
the corporate trusts, such as standard oil trust came under widespread scrutiny and attack in the 1800s. Middle class citizens feared the trusts’ unchecked concentration of power, and urban elites resented the increasing influence of the new rich.
Antitrust Movement
was a coalition of US farmers, more in the Midwest, that fought for monopolistic grain transport practices during the decade following the American Civil War.
Jane Addams
public outrage over the assassination of President Garfield in 1881 by a deranged office seeker pushed congress to remove certain government jobs from the control of party patronage.
Civil Service
Frederick Jackson Turner presented the idea that the settling of the frontier was an evolutionary process of building civilization. The 300 years of frontier experience had shaped American culture, promoting independence, individualism, inventiveness, practical-mindedness, and democracy.
Turner's Frontier Thesis
This president took office just as the economy began to revive, made gold the official standard of the US currency, he brought conflicting interests together.
President McKinley