Scientists
Organized elements by atomic mass and chemical reactivity to create the first widely accepted periodic table
Who is Dmitri Mendeleev?
Nonreactive & each emits different color light when excited electrons return to ground state
What are noble gases?
Appears with the symbol K because it was originally known as kalium and found in bananas
What is potassium?
Elements found in an A group on the periodic table
What are main-group elements?
Element with the largest atomic radius
What is francium?
Published the first chemistry textbook in the 1780s
Who is Antoine Lavoisier?
Subsection of transition metals with unique chemical and physical properties
What are lanthanides and actinides?
Lightest metallic element that floats on water
What is lithium?
The approximate distance from the nucleus to the outermost electrons of an atom
What is atomic radius?
Si, Ca, Cs
Highest electronegativity?
What is Si (silicon)?
Two scientists whose work on location and behavior of electrons confirmed basis for organizing periodic table
Who are Niels Bohr and Gilbert Lewis?
Gain one electron to complete octet and have –1 charge as ions
What are halogens?
Regarded as the hardest substance on the planet, but can also be found in writing implements
What is carbon?
A negatively charged ion
What is anion?
Mg, Ca, Sr
Largest ionic radius?
What is Sr (strontium)?
Separated lanthanides and actinides into own groups due to unique properties
Who is Glenn Seaborg?
Lose electrons to form cations
What are metals?
The only element in the halogen family that is a liquid at room temperature
What is bromine?
A measurement of an atom’s ability to attract electrons
What is electronegativity?
P, O, Ge
Highest ionization energy?
What is oxygen?
Work with x-rays showed that each element had a unique positive charge in its nucleus
Who is Henry Moseley?
Most display multiple oxidation states
What are transition metals?
The only noble gas with two valence electrons
What is helium?
The charge of an element as an ion
What is oxidation state?
Li+, Ca2+, Br-
Largest ionic radius?
What is Br-?