Energy Levels
How many energy levels does Helium (He) have?
one
How many valence electrons does Oxygen (O) have?
six
Give the Lewis dot structure for Lithium (Li)
Li with a single dot on top
Groups are
A) Horizontal (side to side)
B) Vertical (up and down)
B) Groups are in vertical columns and are numbered 1-18
Periods are
A) Horizontal (side to side)
B) Vertical (up and down)
A) Horizontal rows across the table.
How do energy levels change as you move from the top to the bottom down a group?
The energy levels increase by one as you go down a group
How do valence electrons change as you move from left to right across a period
Give the Lewis dot structure for Aluminum (Al)
Al with three dots
18 groups total. We are focusing on groups 1-2 and 13-18
How many periods are on the periodic table?
seven
How many energy levels does Sulfur (S) have?
three
How many valence electrons does Strontium (Sr) have?
two
The number of dots on the element is equal to the number of ___
Valence electrons
What is group one called? Name at least two elements in this group.
Alkali metals. Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr. Hydrogen is not a metal, but is in group one because of it valence electrons/ charge
What period is Sodium (Na) in?
three
Which color photon in this atomic emission spectrum represents the largest jump of an electron back down to the ground state?
violet
(violet light has the highest energy of the visible spectrum)
Where are the valence electrons located?
On the outer most energy level
Give the Lewis dot structure for Radon (Rn)
Rn with 8 dots
Which group on the periodic table is unreactive?
Group 18- The noble gases
The period an element is in is the same as the number of ___
energy levels
Which element has 5 energy levels and five valence electrons?
Sb- Antimony
According to the Octet rule, elements react in order to
reach valence 8 electrons in their out shells
In which direction and how are the dots filled in when drawing the Lewis dot structure?
One at a time from the top 12 o'clock to 3, to 6, to 9, and then filling back in at 12
Pick one group and define some properties
Example: Group 2- silvery white metallic appearance, conducts electricity, reactive with water, 2 valence e-
Group 16- Mostly solids, except oxygen (clear odorless gas), 6 valence e-
How does electronegativity change as you go across a period (left to rright)
Electronegativity increases as you go across a period