Periodic Table
What is the name of the rows and columns on the periodic table?
Rows = Periods
Columns = Groups/Families
What is the name of the elements that border the Zig-Zag line?
The Metalloids
What is a valence electron?
Where is the smallest element located on the periodic table?
Top right of the table.
Which element has the lower electronegativity?
Na or Mg
Na
What tells you the number of valence electrons in an element?
The last digit of the column number.
ie. 13 = 3 val e-
The most nonreactive family of the periodic table.
The Noble Gases
What is the octet rule?
All elements want to get to 8 valence electrons to become stable.
Define ionization energy.
The energy required to remove ONE electron from an atom.
Define Electronegativity.
The tendency for an atom to attract an electron from another atom.
How much does it want another electron?
What is the name of the family with 7 valence electron?
The Halogen Family
What is the name of the family that contains elements in solid, liquid, and gas phases?
The Halogen Family
Why do elements bond?
To gain/lose electrons so their valence shell has 8 and they are stable
Which atom is larger S or Po?
WHY?
Po because it has more electron shells
Across a period (left to right) electronegativity ________ (inc/dec)
Down a group electronegativity _________ (inc/dec)
Across a period electronegativity INCREASES
Down a group electronegativity DECREASES
The Periodic Table is organized based on one number. What is this number?
Atomic Number
What is the name of the family that contains the largest atom on the Periodic Table?
The Alkali Metals
Which 2 periodic families are the most reactive? WHY?
Alkali Metals and the Halogens because they are both close to having 8 valence electrons.
Which element has the higher Ionization Energy?
WHY?
Sr or Te
Te, because it is a smaller atom meaning its electrons are close to the nucleus and tightly held onto.
Takes a lot of energy to remove an electron
What is the product of Li2O + HOH -->
Is it an acid or a base?
LiOH
Base
What does the term "Periodic" mean?
Repeating patterns
What is the name of the family that will lose 2 electrons to satisfy the octet rule? What is the charge of elements after they do this?
The Alkaline Earth Metals.
Charge = +2
What does this equation represent?
X --> X+ + e-
The first ioniztion energy.
Write the balanced equation where P4010 reacts with water and the product that this will form. Is the product an acid or a base?
P4O10 + 6H2O --> 4H3SO4
Acid
A small atom will have a ________ (high/low) ionization energy and a _________ (high/low) electronegativity.
A small atom will have a HIGH ionization energy and a HIGH electronegativity.