Periodic Table
Why Is Hydrogen Element 1 on the Periodic Table?
It has 1 proton in its nucleus
What trend describes the increase in atomic size as you move down a group on the periodic table?
Atomic Radius increases as you move down
What is the phase of matter characterized by a definite shape and volume?
Solid
In which phase of matter do most chemical reactions occur?
Liquid state
What is average atomic mass?
The weighted average mass of all isotopes of an element, taking into account their respective abundances.
Which group of elements on the periodic table is known as the halogens
Group 17
What is the trend for ionization energy as you move from left to right across a period on the periodic table
Ionization increases from left to right across a period
In which phase of matter do particles have enough energy to move past each other but are still attracted to each other, resulting in a definite volume but no definite shape?
Liquid
Describe a chemical reaction that occurs between a solid and a liquid, indicating the phase of the reactants and products.
An example of a chemical reaction between a solid and a liquid is the solution of salt (solid) in water (liquid) to form a salt solution (liquid)
Why are some elements' atomic masses not whole numbers?
Some elements have isotopes with different masses and abundances, the atomic mass is an average which may result in a decimal
What is the atomic number of francium and how many protons does it have
87, 87 protons
Explain the relationship between atomic radius and ionization energy across a period on the periodic table
Across a period, atomic radius decreases while ionization increases
What is the term for the process by which a substance changes from a solid directly to a gas without passing through the liquid phase?
Sublimation
Provide an example of a chemical reaction in which all reactants and products are in the gas phase
H2(g)+O2(g) yields H2O(g)
What is an isotope?
Isotopes are atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons
What is the name of the element with the chemical symbol of Re?
Rhenium
Describe the trend for metallic character as you move from right to left across a period
The trend for metallic character is that it increases as you move from right to left across a period on the periodic table.
What is the term for the process by which a liquid changes to a gas at temperatures below its boiling point?
Evaporation
Provide an example of a chemical reaction where both reactants and products are in the liquid phase.
Hydrochloric acid (aq) + sodium hydroxide (aq) yields sodium chloride (aq) + water (l)
How do you calculate average atomic mass?
Multiply the mass of each isotope by its abundance and sum the products
Why does fluorine have the highest ionization energy?
Fluorine's electrons are held closer to the nucleus than any other atom in the periodic table (excl. noble gases)
What is the relationship between atomic size and electronegativity within a group on the periodic table
Atomic size increases as you move down a group while electronegativity decreases
Explain the difference between evaporation and boiling, including the conditions under which each process occurs.
Evaporation is the process by which a liquid changes to a gas at temperatures below its boiling point, occuring at the liquid's surface. Boiling is the rapid vaporization of a liquid. Evaporation can occur at any temperature below the boiling point. Boiling specifically occurs at the boiling point of the liquid
Explain why it is important to consider the phases of Reactants and products when writing and balancing chemical equations
The physical state of substances affects their reactivity and the conditions under which the reaction occurs. Some reactions may only take place under specifiic phase conditions.
Why is it important to know the average atomic mass of elements?
Average atomic mass is crucial for chemical calculations and understanding the properties of certain elements