Wound Classifications
What is a Wound Class 1? - give examples
Clean - hernia repair, cataract surgery
What is a frozen specimen?
The specimen is transported to waiting pathologist for immediate examination to determine clean edges on cancer excisions or other immediate concern. Breast cancer frozen specimen must be delivered to the pathologist within one hour.
What food allergies are highly associated with a latex allergy?
Avocados, bananas, kiwis, apples, celery, tomato, raw potato, carrot, papaya, melons
Stage One Pressure Injury is ............
Non-blanchable erythema of intact skin
Definition of SBAR and Definition of PICO and what used for?
SBAR for Handoffs - Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation
PICO for Evidence Based Practice - Patient/Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome
What is a Wound Class 2? Give examples.
Clean / Contaminated - Respiratory, GI tract, genital, urinary surgical sites
What is a cytology specimen?
Exam of cells - often a fluid or smear (pap smear for example) to detect abnormalities
How often does the AORN recommend the changing of gloves during a surgical procedure?
90-150 minutes.
Stage Two Pressure Injury is .............
Partial-thickness skin loss with exposed dermis
Organization for HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act)
CMS (Center for Medicare Services)
What is a Wound Class 3? Give examples.
Contaminated - gross spillage, break in technique, inflammation (no drainage)
What is a culture? Name two types of cultures.
A culture involves allowing a specimen (often a swab) to grow on a petrie dish or in a test tube to determine if a bacteria is present and in what quantity. Two types are aerobic and anaerobic (exposed to air and not exposed to air)
When setting up the back table:
forceps are not placed on .................
medications to the back table rules include these three things.....
do not put forceps on the edge of the instrument pan
Medications should be dispensed by a sterile transfer device, be labeled as soon as drawn up with name and amount, and if unknown? med on table - is to be tossed. Also can say - cannot prelabel syringes or asepto syringe.
Stage three pressure injury is .............
Full-thickness skin loss
Safe Surgery Saves Lives
WHO (World Health Organization)
What is a Wound Class 4? Give examples.
Dirty/ Infected - pre-existing infected areas, perforated bowel, abscess, ruptured....
What is a routine specimen?
Routine specimens are often just removed body parts (lipoma, skin, moles, etc) that are sent to the pathologist for confirmation of the specimen with further exam for any abnormalities.
An RN can monitor a patient in these types of cases.
Local anesthetic cases only.
Stage four pressure injury is ..............
Full-thickness skin and tissue loss
To Err is Human - Building a Safer Health System
IOM (Institute of Medicine)
What is a secondary closure?
The edges cannot be brought together, wound left "open" with packing to eventually have granulation tissue grow from the bottom of the wound to the skin level.
What is a forensic specimen? How does this differ from other specimens?
Forensic specimens are usually requested by police/criminal justice system. They can be tissue for genetic testing, bullets, rape kits, etc. They must be handed directly to an officer to keep custody of the specimen well documented.
Hemostatic types include hemostasis by mechanical means, thermal and chemical. Which are Laser, Thrombin and Bone Wax?
Bone Wax - mechanical
Laser - Thermal
Thrombin - Chemical
Biggest cause of skin injury in the OR is ...........
Shearing
National Patient Safety Guidelines (NPSG)
JCAHO (Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations)