General Perioperative Knowledge
This phase of surgery begins when the patient is transported to the operating room.
What is intraoperative?
This medication is added to local anesthetics to prolong the anesthetic effect and reduce bleeding (vasoconstriction).
What is Epinephrine?
Hand hygiene must be performed before donning these items for patient contact.
What are gloves?
This device that is found in an instrument tray confirms that sterilization conditions were met during the cycle.
What are chemical indicators?
Padding all bony prominences helps prevent this type of injury.
What is a pressure injury?
Sterile team members should keep their hands in this position relative to their body.
What is above waist (or table height) and within sight?
This anticoagulant may be given during surgery to prevent clot formation in certain procedures.
What is heparin?
This preoperative safety check ensures the correct patient, site, and procedure.
What is the surgical time-out?
If a sterile item is left unattended and uncovered, it must be treated this way.
What is contaminated?
The patient’s arms should be positioned no more than this degree from the torso to prevent nerve stretch.
What is 90 degrees?
Sterile items must never be placed closer than this distance from a non-sterile surface.
What is 12 inches?
When heparin needs to be reversed, this drug is used.
What is protamine?
Standard precautions apply to all body fluids except this one, which is not infectious.
What is sweat?
Steam sterilization requires these three key elements.
What are time, temperature, and pressure?
Frequent checks of pressure points and padding are recommended at this time interval during long procedures.
What is every 2 hours or per OR protocol?
The practices used to prevent contamination by pathogens is called this.
What is aseptic technique?
This medication can reverse benzodiazepine sedation in the OR.
What is flumazenil?
Patients with latex allergy are ideally scheduled at this time in the OR schedule.
What is the first case of the day?
Only this test ensures sterilization by killing resistant microorganisms like spores.
What is a biological indicator?
For a laparoscopic cholecystectomy, the patient is typically placed in this position - be specific.
What is reverse Trendelenburg position and a slight left tilt? This improves exposure of the gallbladder.
During a closing surgical count, items are counted in a consistent, standardized sequence. What is that order, from location to location.
What is field, Mayo stand, back table, and off the field? We start surgical site and patient, moving to the Mayo stand, then the back table, followed by items removed from the sterile field such as those in the kick bucket and count bags, and finally, anything left in the room, like items on the floor or a case cart?
“This type of medication is used to relax skeletal muscles during surgery to facilitate intubation and positioning.
What are neuromuscular blocking agents?
AORN's guideline for preoperative pt skin antisepsis recommend for prepping areas with high microbial counts at what point in the prep.
What is prep them last?
This sterilization method is used for heat- or moisture-sensitive instruments.
What is What is low-temperature hydrogen peroxide gas plasma (Sterrad)?
Extended time in lithotomy position increases the risk of this serious condition in the lower extremities.
What is compartment syndrome?