Arteries
Carry oxygenated blood to peripheral tissues
What are arteries?
Describe how venous return is dependent on skeletal muscle contraction
What is moves blood proximally (BR decreases return)?
What is a CABG?
Precipitating factors for venous swelling
What is prolonged standing/sitting (e.g. travel)?
Ask about past hx of these conditions
What are vascular problems, inflammatory conditions, and heart disease?
Untreated total arterial occlusion may result in ___ death and loss of ___
What is tissue death and loss of limb?
Function of valves
What is to prevent backflow? (valves open towards the heart)
Describe why removal of superficial veins does not significantly compromise venous return
Deep veins return most blood to heart
Associated symptoms w/venous swelling
What are SOB, nocturia - may be HF?
Pay attention to large lymph notes and if they are __, __, or ___
What are painful, chronic, or acute?
Decreased O2 delivery to distal tissues & tissue ischemia
What is partial arterial occlusion?
Describe why a patent lumen is important
What is to keep maximum forward flow?
Hypo____ may lead to edema
What is hypoalbuminemia?
The effect of smoking on blood vessels
What is the aggravation of ischemia due to increased O2 needs?
Describe how respirations help flow
What is decreasing thoracic pressure & increasing abdominal pressure?
Unilateral venous swelling
What is venous occlusion?
Other causes of venous insufficiency (decreased venous return) include varicose veins, blood clots, and this drug class
What are hormonal contraceptives? (increase risk of venous thrombosis)
Intermittent claudication (muscle ischemia) is common in this muscle
What is gastrocnemius pain w/exercise (relieved by rest)?
Decreased arterial blood supply to the tissues
What is arterial insufficiency?
The veins most responsible for venous return
Bilateral venous swelling
What is heart failure?
High occlusive disease may manifest as pain in these regions
What are the thigh and buttock?