Greek City-States
Name the Greek city-states?
Athens and Sparta
During which war did Athens and Sparta unite against a common enemy?
The Persian War
What was the major religion of ancient Persia that emphasized the struggle between good and evil?
Zoroastrianism
Who is the blind poet credited with the Iliad and the Odyssey?
Homer
Name the major route that enables fast communication across the Persian Empire.
The Royal Road
Which city-state emphasized military training and was ruled by an oligarchy?
Sparta
What was the name of the group Athens formed during the Peloponnesian Wars?
The Delian League
What helped support Persian trade across the empire?
The Royal Road
Which Greek mathematician is associated with the theorem about right triangles?
Pythagoras
What type of money system did the Persian Empire have?
A money (coin) system
Explain how Greece’s mountainous terrain both helped or hindered the development of city-states.
Mountains isolated communities, encouraging independent city-states and diverse cultures (helped). But limited arable land and difficult overland travel made unifying Greece difficult (hindered), promoting colonization.
Why was the Peloponnesian War fought?
They were in competition for control of the Greek world
Were the Greek city-states Monotheistic or Polytheistic?
Polytheistic
The Greek scientist and father of Medicine created what Oath?
The Hippocratic Oath
Who was the founder of the Persian Emipre?
Cyrus (ll) the Great
Give two of the political differences between Athens and Sparta.
Athens emphasized trade, and education; Sparta emphasized military training and had rigid social roles and oligarchic rule.
Explain how the Peloponnesian War contributed to Macedonia’s takeover of Greece.
The Peloponnesian War weakened the Greek city-states making them vulnerable to Philip II and Macedonia’s conquest.
Greek Mythology explained what?
Natural phenomena, human qualities, or life events
Identify two areas (fields) in which Greeks made lasting contributions listed from the slides. (Name two)
Drama, poetry, and history; science, philosophy, mathematics, sculpture, and architecture
How did the Persian Empire treat the people they conquered?
With tolerance by allowing conquered peoples to continue practicing their customs/beliefs.
Describe the four stages of Athenian government
Monarchy → Aristocracy → Tyranny → Direct Democracy
Name the two naval/land strengths that contrasted Athens and Sparta in the Peloponnesian War.
Marathon and Salamis
Who was considered the god of wisdom and goodness in Zoroastrianism?
Ahura Mazda
Define Hellenism and explain one way Alexander the Great spread Greek cultural influence.
Hellenism is the blending of Greek and Eastern cultures; Alexander spread it by conquering territories, founding cities, and encouraging cultural exchange.
What are the Greek city-states called?
Polis