Key People
This person developed this theory in 1942 and 1951, it is based on the assertion on three core conditions including accurate empathy, counselor genuineness, and unconditional regard
Who is Carl Rogers?
This concept can be defined as the facades we use to tell us who we are, how we should behave, and what we are worth.
What is Personal Constructs and Facades?
This refers to the study of human consciousness: our inner lives, particularly our emotions and is one of the philosophical foundations of person- centered counseling
What is phenomenology?
Considered the primary vehicle for change in person-centered counseling.
What is the counseling relationship
Once the counselor has a sense of what the client might be feeling, the counselor then reflects this back to the client to indicate that the counselor has understood, check to make sure the counselor has understood correctly, and provide the client with an opportunity to reflect on his or her internal experience in a slightly different context.
What is Accurate Empathy?
Key researcher that developed scales based off of Carl Rogers core conditions that are used to help new counselors develop basic skills.
Who is Robert Carkhuff?
This theory includes a wide range of practices like, “blank-slate” analysts whose clients free-associate on a couch, empathetically engaged counselors who address early childhood relationships, relationally oriented therapists who co-construct interpretations with clients, and brief psychodynamic practitioners who use manualized treatment with substance abuse
What is psychoanalytic and psychodynamic theories?
Which phenomenological concept is based on the premise that all people tend naturally toward positive growth and those who use this concept exude bountiful hope and enthusiasm and have faith in everyone’s potential for growth.
What is humanism?
A process of change that people moved along a continuum from a rigid definition of self to a more flowing and ever changing experience of self.
What is the seven-stage model that Rodger’s Developed?
The self of the counselor can involve a wide range of activities such as expressing empathy, using humor, and self disclosure.
In practical terms, what does using the self of the counselor involve?
This person was the first to develop psychoanalytic theory and was the first to use the “talking cure” that is common today.
Who is Sigmund Freud?
Emotions that cannot otherwise be consciously acknowledged and/or expressed and present in symptoms.
What are expressions of intrapsychic conflict?
Clients will feel safe enough to have the courage to identify, experience, and critically reflect on their inner life and their inner emotional experiences.
What was the reason Carl Rogers firmly believed that counselors should have a warm, genuine empathetic environment within the therapeutic relationship?
The “vehicle for change” in person-centered counseling
The counseling technique that is defined as valuing your clients no matter what they say or do–and has also been described as warm acceptance, nonpossessive warmth, prizing, affirmation, respect, support, and caring.
What is Unconditional Positive Regard?
This person built on her father’s work on the id and drive theory but added ego functioning and defense mechanisms, thus her work is referred to as ego psychology.
Who is Anna Freud?
This concept refers to when counselors have strong emotional reactions to clients and project back their own emotions. When this happens, counselors often lose their therapeutic neutrality.
What is countertransference?
A person’s personality is significantly impacted by this early relationship in life.
What is one’s mother or primary caregiver?
When it comes to the counseling relationship in this theory, the approach can range from a highly distant blank slate role to a highly engaged, intersubjective approach.
What is a psychoanalytic approach?
The analyst responds differently than the client experienced in childhood to facilitate resolution of an inner conflict.
What is a corrective emotional experience?
This individual's key contribution was an eight-stage model of psychosocial development that is more widely used and accepted than Freud’s psychosexual developmental model.
Who is Erik Erickson?
These are automatic responses to perceived psychological threats and activated on an unconscious level. One example of these automatic response is known as splitting.
What are defense mechanisms?
This theory holds the basic assumption that the personality is structured into various substructure such as ego, id, and superego.
What is Psychodynamic?
Within the therapeutic relationship this concept refers to which the counselor provides a supportive, nurturing environment that enables the client to develop a structured, integrated self and a positive sense of self; often the client did not experience this successfully during childhood.
What is the Holding Environment?
This term involves asking a client “just say what comes to a mind” on a given topic. It allows for unconscious material to arise.
What is Free Association?