Defense Mechanisms
WHAT IS RATIONALZIATION
Making up acceptable excuses for behaviors that cause us to feel anxious
Provide an example of an Approach-Approach situation
Choosing between two attractive options
What are the Id, Ego, and Superego?
Id – the part of the unconscious personality that contains our needs, drives, instincts, and repressed material
Ego – The part of the personality that is in touch with reality that strives to meet the demands of the id and superego in socially acceptable ways
Superego – the part of the personality that is the source of conscious and counteracts the socially undesirable impulses of the id
What is humanistic psychology?
A school of psychology that emphasizes personal growth and the achievement of maximum potential by each unique individual
WHAT IS DENIAL
A refusal to accept an unwanted reality
WHAT IS REPRESSION
The pushing of unacceptable thoughts or motives to the unconscious
Provide an example of an Avoidance-Approach situation
Choosing between two disagreeable options
What information is stored in Freud's concept of the "unconscious"
Forgotten memories that still impact us, the Life and Death Instincts, the Id, parts of the Ego and Superego, defense mechanisms
Provide TWO (2) examples of Carl Jung's archetypes
Superheroes, underdogs triumph, apocalyptic disasters, paternal and maternal figures
WHAT IS PROJECTION
When unacceptable feelings or motives are projected outside the self and assigned to others
WHAT IS REGRESSION
Going back to an earlier and less mature pattern of behavior
Provide an example of an Approach-Avoidance situation
Situations that have both enjoyable and disagreeable consequences
How does Freud define the "unconscious?"
the part of the mind that contains material of which we are unaware but that strongly influence conscious processes and behaviors
What is the collective unconscious?
The part of the mind that contains inherited instincts, urges, and memories common to all people
WHAT IS DISPLACEMENT
When you cannot express anger or other negative feelings towards their source, so you displace or “take out” the emotion on a less powerful entity
WHAT IS REACTION FORMATION
Replacing an unacceptable feeling or urge with an opposite one
Provide an example of a Double Approach-Avoidance situation
Choosing between multiple items, each of which has pleasurable and disagreeable aspects
How do the Id, Ego, and Superego form a personality?
The Ego's ability (or lack of) to satisfy the demands of the Id, in addition to the morals of the Superego, makeup our behavior and personality traits. (For example, someone who gives in to the Id may be described as impulsive or reckless, while someone who has a very active Superego may be classified as moral or righteous)
What does Alfred Adler think causes inferiority complexes?
Develops when children do not properly learn how to deal with feelings of inferiority relating to their parents or other adults
WHAT IS SUBLIMATION
Redirecting a forbidden desire into a socially acceptable desire