Theorists
According to Sigmund Freud, _________ is the most primitive part of the human personality
The id
There are five distinct personality traits. What are they?
Openness to experience, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism
What does "adaption" mean in personality psychology?
How someone adjusts to new information or experiences.
Compensation
Blake and her colleagues hypothesize that children who seem to be temporarily inhibited have a low threshold for activity in a subcortical brain structure called the?
Amygdala
Jane is generally trusting and helpful, and makes it a priority to get along well with others. Which of the Big Five traits is most consistent with these descriptions?
Agreeableness
What do participants do during the Thematic Apperception Test, also known at the TAT test?
Individuals are presented with ambiguous images where they are asked to create stories to show insight on their motivation, conflicts, and desires.
What is the main underlying theme of positive psychology?
The focus on positive subjective experiences, traits, and social institutions
According to Carl Rogers, our self-concept ___
Develops in early childhood
Gabriella was certain that she could influence her adopted children and cause them to grow up happy, curious, and outgoing. She was very surprised when 20 years later, her three adopted children had completely different personalities. The likely reason for this is
Family environment has a relatively weak influence on personality development
Ashley tends to get anxious when she goes through periods of change in her life. Ashley likely measures high on which Big Five trait?
Neuroticism
In the humanistic theory of personality, what does the term "contrual" mean?
The way in which a people perceive, comprehend, and interpret the world around them
The claim that genetic factors contribute to personality is best supported by the fact that identical twins are ________ than fraternal twins on some personality measures
more alike
Paula is always on time for work and makes sure she does each task to the best of her ability. Paula is likely high in which of the Big Five traits?
Conscientiousness
Walter Mischel has argued that personality tests have low predictive validities because
These tests are based on the assumption that behavior is consistent across situations
His teachers describe Dave as being very honest and high achieving in the classroom, however, Dave’s basketball coach saw Dave breaking the rules and taking cheap shots during practice, and described him as a cheat. Such findings have led to criticism of trait theory of personality because
People behave much less consistently across situations than trait theory predicts
According to Zuckerman, what neurotransmitter is underactive in the brains of sensation seekers?
Norepinephrine
Why is it more accurate to think of the Big Five traits as on a continuum rather than as distinct categories?
Most people place somewhere in the middle, rather than as extremes