A
Someone who is ________ is likely to express his or her personality consistently from one situation to the next.
low in self-monitoring
low in self-efficacy
high in self-monitoring
high in self-efficacy
What is low in self-monitoring
What are the two primary criteria for evaluating personality judgments?
What are interjudge agreement and behavioral prediction
Can you name at least two potential moderator of accuracy?
What are qualities of personality judges AND qualities of the target of the judgment AND the amount of information available to judges AND visibility of trait
Which trait is associated with positive first impressions but more negative impressions in longer-term relationships?
What is narcissism
What are the four types of data researchers can collect?
What is I, B, S, and L
Which of the following psychologists is often credited with starting the person-situation debate?
Gordon Allport
Walter Mischel
Sigmund Freud
Henry Murray
Who is Walter Mischel
Which of one of the likely reasons that high-expectancy students perform better?
What is teachers are warmer to these students OR teachers provide more detailed and constructive feedback to these students OR teachers provide extra opportunities to these students.
Participants in a recent study were shown and then asked to judge composite faces from targets who scored extremely low or extremely high on personality dimensions. Which two traits had the highest levels of accuracy for both female and male targets?
What are extraversion and agreeableness
A researcher who starts with an interest in delinquency and then identifies the traits associated with that category of behavior is taking a(n) ________ approach.
What is many traits
What is the largest and most dominant approach in personality psychology today?
What is trait
The ________ perspective indicates that, under the right circumstances, everyone can be rich, popular, and successful.
interactionist
situationist
pro-personality
behaviorist
What is situationist
A friend is revealing important information at a concert, but you fail to hear it. What stage of the RAM has failed?
What is detection
What is the description of the acquaintanceship effect?
What is the more information you have about someone, the more accurate your judgment of his or her personality.
Though some researchers disagree, after over 60 years of research, most personality psychologists think there are how many essential personality factors?
What is five
Questions about reliability concern ________, whereas questions about validity concern ________.
What is consistency; accuracy.
How were all of the behavioral measurements in the studies reviewed in Mischel’s influential book collected?
from real-life observations
from self-reported narrative accounts
in laboratory settings
from peer-reported accounts
What is in laboratory settings.
What does recent research suggest about the validity of first impressions?
First impressions based on configural properties of faces may have some validity.
What are the steps in the Realistic Accuracy Model (RAM) of personality judgment?
What are relevance/availability/detection/utilization
When compared to personality types, personality traits are ________ at predicting behavior.
What is better
The basis of the ________ method of test construction is to come up with items that seem directly, obviously, and logically related to what it is you wish to measure.
rational
philosophical
empirical
factor analytic
Who is rational
Judgments other people make of your personality are known as your
reputation.
realistic accuracy model signal.
self-concept.
identity.
What is reputation
Based on recent research, what approach for job interviews might be the best?
What are face-to-face interviews.
Imagine that you are at a party, and your best friend introduces you to a guy named David. You and your friend talk to David for an hour, and you both notice the hostile comments that he repeatedly makes about his roommate. Later, you and your friend discuss your impressions of David, and you find that you disagree about him. Your friend thinks that David’s comments were just good-natured joking and that he is a nice guy and a pretty funny fellow. You think that his comments were mean-spirited and that he is a hostile person. Your disagreement arises because you and your friend differ in the ________ stage of the Realistic Accuracy Model (RAM) of personality judgment.
What is utilization
What is one of personality psychology’s biggest advantages over other areas of psychology?
What is it appreciates the uniqueness of the individual.
What is the purpose of projection tests such as the Picture Story Exercise or the Thematic Apperception Test?
What is to measure individuals’ implicit motives