Ancient & Medieval Childhood - 100
Before the 16th century, what was the main goal of families?
Survival.
Who believed children are born as a “blank slate”?
John Locke.
In medieval paintings, which child was painted the most?
Infant Jesus
In what century did the idea of education for the common man start?
Late 1500s.
Nature means traits come from what??
Parents/Genes
Why was childhood difficult in the past?
Many children died because of sickness and little food
Who said children are born good??
Jean Jacques Rousseau.
Why did noble children look like adults in paintings?
To show what their parents wanted them to be in the future
Who believed play was central to learning and created the idea of kindergarten?
Friedrich Froebel.
Nurture means traits come from what?
Life/environment.
What did Philippe Ariès say children were seen as in the Middle Ages?
Miniature adults.
Who said children learn best by exploring and discovering?
Rousseau.
Why do the paintings of children from the past look strange to us today?
Because artists painted children like small adults.
Who promoted educating infants and toddlers?
Robert Owen.
Whose theory of evolution supports “nature”?
Charles Darwin.
What caused many children to die in the past?
Disease and hunger
According to Locke, what makes a child’s personality?
They shape personality and knowledge.
Why was Ariès’ idea not totally correct?
Few paintings of children existed, the paintings were symbolic
Which thinker promoted educating the “whole child”?
Johann Pestalozzi.
Which psychologist believed in “nurture” and behaviorism? (stimulus/response)
John Watson (also B.F. Skinner/Albert Bandura accepted).
Who usually went to school before the 16th century? Provide at least 2 examples
Clergy, government officials, and doctors
Name two lasting contributions of Locke’s philosophy.
Individualized education, enjoyable learning, critical thinking, or sensory learning (any two).
Why did kings and queens paint their children?
To find future partners (suitors)
Who supported child-centered learning?
John Dewey.
Give one example of nature and one of nurture.
Nature → genetic traits like eye color; Nurture → learning a language or habits from the environment.