IDENTIFY
“Everyone is doing it, so you should too.”
Bandwagon
Why is bandwagon weak?
Relies on popularity, not evidence.
👉 Popular ≠ correct
This fallacy attacks the person instead of the argument.
Ad Hominem
This persuasive appeal builds trust and credibility.
Ethos
A public message meant to persuade people about an issue.
PSA (Public Service Announcement)
“You’re wrong because you’re lazy.”
Ad Hominem
Why is ad hominem flawed?
Attacks person
This fallacy says something is true because “everyone else believes it.”
Bandwagon
This persuasive appeal uses emotions such as fear, sadness, or excitement.
Pathos
A candidate’s ideas and plans
Platform
“If we allow one late assignment, soon students will stop turning in work entirely.”
Slippery Slope
Why is false dilemma misleading?
Too few choices
This fallacy presents only two choices when more options exist.
False Dilemma
This persuasive appeal relies on facts, evidence, and statistics.
Logos
Credibility
Being trustworthy
“You either agree or you don’t care.”
False Dilemma
Why is slippery slope unrealistic?
Exaggerates outcomes
This fallacy exaggerates or misrepresents someone’s argument to make it easier to attack.
Straw Man
A commercial shows sad animals to encourage donations. Which appeal is being used?
Pathos
Bias
Favoring one side
“My grandfather smoked every day and lived to 90, so smoking isn’t dangerous.”
Hasty Generalization
Why is hasty generalization unreliable?
Not enough evidence
“Freedom” is used in two different ways during an argument to confuse listeners. Which fallacy is it?
Equivocation
A scientist presenting research data is mainly using this appeal.
Logos
Why are logical fallacies persuasive even when they are weak in reasoning?
Because they appeal to emotions, assumptions, or biases and can sound convincing without strong reasoning.