Basics of Persuasive Speaking
The three kinds of questions that give rise to persuasive speeches are questions of policy,...,...(name 2 more).
fact and value
What kinds of reasoning are there?
from specific instances, from principle, causal, and analogical
According to your textbook, the two most important factors affecting the credibility of a persuasive speaker are character and__
1) competence
2) pathos
3) status
4) charisma
5) logic
6) ethos
1) competence
Ethnocentrism means that audiences typically approach speeches by asking, “Why is this important to me?”
- True
- False
False
This is an example of the egocentrism.
Ethnocentrism is the evaluation of other cultures according to preconceptions originating in the standards and customs of one's own culture.
What are 3 basic types of supporting materials?
Examples, statistics, and testimony.
Name 4 methods of the persuasive speech organization
Problem-solution order, problem-cause-solution order, comparative advantages order, Monroe's motivated sequence
According to your textbook, reasoning from _______________ moves from a number of particular facts to a general conclusion.
specific instances
“To persuade my audience that Shakespeare actually wrote a drama that people don't know it's written by him” is a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech on a question of
1) fact
2) policy
3) attitude
4) opinion
5) value
1) fact
Which types of questions produce clear, unambiguous answers?
1) scale
2) fixed-alternative
3) open-ended
2) fixed-alternative
According to your textbook, the exact information you should include in an oral citation during a speech depends on
1) the type of supporting material you are using.
2) your audience.
3) your topic
4) All of the options are correct
4) All of the options are correct
When you speak on a question of policy, your goal may be to evoke passive agreement or to spark immediate action. In either case, you will face 3 basic issues:......(name them).
need, plan, and practicality
According to your textbook, the credibility of a speaker produced by everything the speaker says or does during the speech itself is called
1) derived credibility
2) demonstrated credibility
3) terminal credibility
4) generated credibility
5) contrived credibility
1) derived credibility
According to Aristotle, pathos appeals to the emotions and ideals of the audience and elicits feelings that already reside in them.
True or false?
True
...analysis can be a valuable starting point in gauging your audience's background, interests, values, and beliefs
1) demographic
2) situational
1) demographic
The opinions of ordinary people who have firsthand experience or insight on a topic are referred to as __________ testimony.
peer
Which of the following is the third step in Monroe’s motivated sequence?
1) action
2) need
3) attention
4) satisfaction
5) visualization
4) satisfaction
In her speech on chewing tobacco, Catherine made the following argument:
To be effective, laws governing chewing tobacco sales to minors must be enforced and must have adequate penalties for people who violate the law. My proposal will significantly increase both enforcement provisions and penalties for violators. Therefore, my plan will be effective.
What kind of reasoning did Catherine use?
2) reasoning by generalization
2) causal reasoning
3) reasoning from specific instances
4) analogical reasoning
5) reasoning from principle
5) reasoning from principle
According to your textbook, as a persuasive speaker, your two major concerns with respect to reasoning are to
1) make sure your reasoning is clear and credible
2) avoid fallacies and support reasoning with testimony
3) make sure your reasoning is sound and convincing
4) establish credibility and reason correctly
5) adapt reasoning to both hostile and favorable listeners
3) make sure your reasoning is sound and convincing
Which of the following is a factor to consider in situational audience analysis?
1) group membership
2) attitude toward the topic
3) gender
4) all of the options are correct
2) attitude toward the topic
(along with the size and physical setting)
1 and 3 are the examples of the demographic audience analysis
The _______________ , popularly called the average, is determined by adding up all the items in a group and dividing by the number of items.
mean
Which of the following specific purpose statements is from a persuasive speech seeking immediate action?
1) To persuade my audience that the federal government should increase funding to provide computers for children in low-income housing.
2) To persuade my audience that the college administration should increase spending for intramural athletics on campus.
3) To persuade my audience to decrease the amount of electricity they use during the summer in order to prevent blackouts.
4) To persuade my audience that political campaign advertisements should be required to disclose their source of funding.
5) To persuade my audience that the state must increase funding for wetland preservation.
3) To persuade my audience to decrease the amount of electricity they use during the summer in order to prevent blackouts.
According to your textbook, the following statement is an example of the _______________ fallacy:
The most widely prescribed antidepressant last year was Abilify. That must mean that it is the most effective drug available to treat depression.
bandwagon
According to your textbook, what kind of reasoning is used in the following statement?
If you’re frequently bothered by nightmares, you might want to change your sleeping position. An article in Prevention magazine reports that a study of 700 people showed that sleeping on your stomach produces the scariest and strangest dreams. Therefore, if you are a stomach-sleeper and are having nightmares, the solution is simple—roll over.
1) deductive reasoning
2) analogical reasoning
3) causal reasoning
4) practical reasoning
5) chain reasoning
3) causal reasoning
Everyone in the room was set to applaud as Raymond started to wrap up his wedding toast. But instead of finishing, he said, “Now that I have you all here, let me tell you about the great new app my company is developing.”
When Raymond finishing talking about the app, there was little applause and a serious glare from the bride and groom. Which aspect of audience analysis did Raymond fail to take into consideration?
1) the physical setting for the speech
2) the education of the audience
3) the group membership of the audience
4) the audience’s disposition toward the occasion
5) the audience’s attitudes toward the speaker
4) the audience’s disposition toward the occasion
Imagine this: You have spent most of the night studying for an exam. But when you get up the next morning ready to take the test, you go to your front door and it won’t open. So you head to the back door, and it won’t open either. You are stuck in the house. It would be pretty frustrating, wouldn’t it?
This is exactly the kind of frustration students who use wheelchairs feel when they can’t get to class because of the snow.
1) metaphorical example
2) causal example
3) emotional example
4) synthetic example
5) hypothetical example
5) hypothetical example