Chapter 8
What are the three categories of the "environment"
Natural, Altered, and Built
The US spends approximately $_____ per year on healthcare
4 trillion
True or False? Phases 1-3 can establish that a drug has effectiveness
False
(Chapter 11) _____ is the amount that an individual or family is responsible for paying before being eligible for health insurance coverage
Deductible
(Chapter 13) what are the two food security programs administered by the USDA?
SNAP and WIC
WHO estimates that ______ has the greatest environmental impact on health
Air pollution
______ is the percentage of the charge that the insured is responsible for paying
Coinsurance
______ Requires tha tall people at all times have access to sufficient, safe ,nutritious food to maintain ahealthy and active lifestyle
Food Security
(Chapter 13) The duration of Phase 1 of drug safety testing can be anywhere from
a few days to a few weeks
(Chapter 11) What are the two approaches to reduce costs of US health system?
Competition and population health management
What are the four ways that we as humans are directly exposed to the physical environment?
Skin, Respiratory tract, Digestive tract, Genital Urinary Tract
______ provides healthcare for people 65 and older, disabled persons eligible for Social Security Disability Benefits, and those with end stage renal disease
Medicare
This popular product is not a "conventional" drug product, so it does not have to be safety tested by the FDA
Dietary Supplements
(Chapter 11) SCHIP provides additional funds the states may use to enhance the health care of what population?
Children
(Chapter 13) _______ is when the prescribing clinician has the authority to use the treatment for indivations or at dosages not specifically approved by the FDA
Off label prescribing
_______ assessment examines the impacts of contaminants on ecological systems ranging from chemicals to radiation to genetically altered crops.
Ecological Risk Assessment
_____ charges patients a monthly fee designed to cover a comprehensive package of services. Clinicians and their organizations are paid based on the number of individuals enrolled in their practice.
Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs)
Phase 1 of Drug Safety aims to establish what?
establish the dosage range and route of administration to be used in subsequent studies / examine safety issues
(Chapter 8) ______ aims to take into account the inherent danger of the exposure as well as the route, timing, and quanitity of exposure.
Risk Assessment
(Chapter 13) What Drug Amendment laid the groundword for today's process of drug and vaccine approval and the evolution of evidence-based medicine and population health?
Kefauver-Harris Drug Amendment
_______ analysis implies that to understand and control the impacts of environmental exposures, it is necessary to take into account the effect of two or more exposures.
Interaction Analysis
The aim of health insurance exchanges is to provide access to _________ for ______
health insurance for citizens and legal residents of the US
The CDC, FDA, and USDA created FoodNet. What is the main aim of this surveillance network?
Aims to identify and investigate foodborne diseases from both outbreaks and routine exposure
(Impacts of the Built Environment) (Chapter 8) This movement addresses social implications, including housing, employment, crime, social interactions, and recreational opportunities
Healthy Communities
Risk Assessment, Public Health Assessment, Ecological Assessment, and Interaction Analysis