ANTI-DIABETIC/LIPIDEMIC AGENTS
insulin is needed because the body cannot produce insulin
damage to the pancreas' beta cells from the body's own immune system
what is type I diabetes?
short-acting beta-agonists that help with acute asthma attacks
Xylocaine
mostly metabolized in the liver
what is lidocaine?
enforces the laws and sets the abuse potential in the united states
what is the DEA?
bactericidal agent
amoxicillin is the drug of choice for premed if the patient does not have a ________ allergy
what is penicillin?
the body cannot produce enough insulin or cannot use insulin properly
adult onset, may be controlled with diet and exercise
what is type II diabetes?
long-acting bronchodilators that relieve asthma symptoms for a long period of time
what is Salmeterol (Serevent)?
MRD of epi for healthy patients
MRD of epi for cardiac patients
what is 0.2 mg and 0.04 mg?
highest potential for abuse with no medical use
not safe to use under any circumstances
ex. heroin, hallucinogens, opium derivatives
what is schedule I?
bacteriostatic, interferes with bacterial protein synthesis, GI upset common side effect
choice of premed if the patient is allergic to penicillin
what is clindamycin?
zidovudine (AZT, Retrovir) used as treatment for _______ infections
what is HIV?
repaglinide (Prandin)
metformin (Fortamet)
what are anti-diabetic agents?
corticosteroid used to treat long-term asthma attacks
what is fluticasone (Flovent)?
weakest vasodilator of all local anesthetics
3% formula is also available without epi
Carbocaine
what is mepivacaine?
least potential for abuse, limited dependence
mild mental or physical addiction
ex. codeine cough syrup
what is schedule V?
erythromycin, clarithromycin, and azithromycin
bacteriostatic, interferes with bacterial protein synthesis
what are macrolides?
isonizaid (INH)
rifampin (Rifadin)
pyrazinamide (Pyrazinamide)
what are anti-tuberculosis agents?
hypoglycemia, poor wound healing, weight gain, and infections during periodontal diseases
what are the side effects to diabetes mellitus?
what is ipratropium (Atrovent)?
provides longest duration of anesthesia, up to 12 hours
Marcaine
what is Bupivacaine?
less potential for abuse with moderate dependence
severe mental addiction, or moderate physical addiction
ex. tylenol 3
what is schedule III?
bacterioastatic, interferes with bacterial protein synthesis
Atridox, Arestin, Periostat
what is tetracycline?
applied topically to treat fungal infections
what is nystatin (Mycostatin)?
what are low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL)?
tagamet (Cimetidine)
ranitidine (Zantac)
what are histamine-2 receptor blockers?
metabolized in the liver, lungs, and kidneys
4% formula available with no epi
Citanest
what is prilocaine?
high potential for abuse, severe dependence
severe physical and mental addiction
ex. cocaine, oxycodone, amphetamines, morphine
what is schedule II?
bactericidal, weakens cell wall = lysis
premed of choice for patients with hip or join replacement
cephalexin (Keflex)
what is cephalosporin?
treats herpes simplex 1, 2, mononucleosis, and singles
what is acyclovir (Zovirax)?
cholestyramine (Questran)
atorvastatin (Lipitor)
what are anti-hyperlipidemic agents?
omeprazole (Prilosec)
what are proton pump inhibitors?
mostly metabolized by plasma, some in liver
higher chances of paresthesia of all anesthetics
Septocaine
what is articaine?
less potential for abuse, limited dependence
moderate mental or physical addiction
ex. diazepam (Valium)
what is schedule IV?
bactericidal, effect against amoebae
more commonly used than tetracycline for periodontal diseases
what is metronidazole?
taken orally to help treat fungal infections
what is fluconazole (Diflucan) and ketoconazole?