MOA
What is the mechanism of action of beta-blockers like metoprolol?
What is inhibit beta-1 receptors to decrease HR and contractility
What common opioid side effect requires fall precautions?
What is sedation/drowsiness.
Which drug classification might be contraindicated in asthma patients?
What is a non-selective beta-blocker.
Lisinopril
What is an ACE inhibitor
Patient on amlodipine has ankle swelling. Cause?
What is peripheral vasodilation.
How do statins lower LDL cholesterol?
What is inhibit HMG-CoA reductase.
Which drug class causes dry cough and angioedema?
What are ACE inhibitors.
Why are anticoagulants contraindicated after hemorrhagic stroke?
Warfarin
What is an anticoagulant/vitamin K antagonist
Patient on metoprolol has exercise fatigue. Cause?
What is a blunted sympathetic response.
Which enzyme do ACE inhibitors block?
What is Angiotensin-converting enzyme.
Statins are associated with which muscular side effect?
What is myopathy.
Which of the following patient presentations would require the physical therapist to hold therapy and refer immediately due to a potential contraindication of a CHF medication?
What is Patient on digoxin with new-onset irregular pulse and confusion
Amlodipine
What is a calcium channel blocker
During a therapy session, a patient with CHF on high-dose furosemide reports new-onset muscle cramps, fatigue, and an irregular heartbeat. What is the most appropriate action for the physical therapist?
What is suspect hypokalemia and refer to the medical team.
What drug class works by enhancing antithrombin III?
What is Heparin.
Which vital sign does a beta-blocker blunt during exercise?
What is heart rate.
What condition is a contraindication for statins due to hepatotoxicity risk?
What is active liver disease.
Atorvastatin
What is a HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin)
CHF patient on furosemide reports dizziness. Why?
What is orthostatic hypotension.
What is the MOA of digoxin?
What is inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase → ↑ intracellular Ca²⁺
Furosemide may cause what electrolyte imbalance causing cramps?
What is hypokalemia.
This medication used for heart failure and atrial fibrillation becomes contraindicated when a patient develops significant renal impairment, due to its narrow therapeutic index and risk of toxicity.
What is digoxin.
Enoxaparin
What is a low molecular weight heparin (LMWH).
This electrolyte disturbance, common in patients taking both furosemide and digoxin, increases the risk of life-threatening arrhythmias and should be suspected if a patient develops fatigue, weakness, or irregular pulse during therapy.
What is hypokalemia.