Basis Pharm Principles
This phase of the FDA drug approval process involves testing a new drug on healthy volunteers to assess its safety and dosage.
What is Phase 1?
This type of myocardial infarction results in ischemia and death of myocardial cells but does not extend through the full thickness of the heart wall.
What is NSTEMI?
This infectious lung condition is classified as community-acquired (CAP), hospital-acquired (HAP), or ventilator-associated (VAP) and presents with fever, chills, dyspnea, and opacity on a chest X-ray.
What is pneumonia
This term describes a solid mass of clotted blood that forms within an intact blood vessel or chamber of the heart.
What is a thrombus?
These glands are ductless and release their secretions directly into the bloodstream to regulate body functions.
What are endocrine glands?
This 1970 legislation classified drugs into five schedules based on their potential for abuse and medical use.
What is the Controlled Substances Act?
Sudden crushing chest pain lasting more than 30 minutes, shortness of breath, diaphoresis, and nausea are classic symptoms of this life-threatening cardiac event.
What is an acute myocardial infarction (MI)?
This chronic respiratory disease is characterized by bronchial inflammation, a chronic productive cough, hypoxemia, hypercapnia, and is commonly associated with chronic heart failure.
What is chronic bronchitis?
This life-threatening condition occurs when the circulatory system cannot maintain adequate blood pressure to perfuse organs, with types including hypovolemic, cardiogenic, and septic.
What is shock?
This condition results from excessive growth hormone before the closure of epiphyseal plates, leading to abnormal height and long bone overgrowth.
What is gigantism?
The process by which a drug undergoes chemical changes in the liver, often rendering it inactive or less active, is known by this term.
What is biotransformation?
This classification system, ranging from Class I (mild) to Class IV (severe), determines the functional limitations of patients with heart failure.
What is the New York Heart Association (NYHA) Classification?
This opportunistic lung infection, caused by Pneumocystis jirovecii, is commonly seen in AIDS and immunocompromised patients and presents with cough, fatigue, fever, malaise, and shortness of breath.
What is Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP)?
This inherited blood disorder is caused by a mutation in the beta-globin chain of hemoglobin, leading to misshapen red blood cells that can block blood vessels and cause severe pain.
What is sickle cell disease?
This type of diabetes is caused by absolute insulin deficiency and typically presents in childhood or adolescence.
What is Type 1 diabetes?
This class of drugs lowers blood pressure by increasing urine excretion and decreasing sodium reabsorption in the kidneys.
What are diuretics?
This condition, often seen in patients with diabetes, atherosclerosis, or vasculitis, presents with intermittent claudication, diminished pulses, and dependent rubor of the foot.
What is peripheral arterial disease (PAD)?
This condition, characterized by repetitive pauses in breathing during sleep, is often associated with obesity, macroglossia, and pharyngeal collapse, and is commonly treated with CPAP.
What is obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)?
This inherited bleeding disorder results from a deficiency or dysfunction of von Willebrand factor, leading to excessive bruising, nosebleeds, and prolonged bleeding.
What is von Willebrand disease?
This autoimmune condition is the most common cause of hypothyroidism and leads to progressive destruction of the thyroid gland.
What is Hashimoto’s thyroiditis?
This type of drug reaction is not dose-related and can include allergic responses, hypersensitivity, or anaphylaxis.
What are idiosyncratic effects?
This surgical procedure is used to bypass blocked coronary arteries, improving blood flow to the heart, and requires post-operative sternal precautions for 4-6 weeks.
What is a coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)?
This life-threatening condition occurs when a blood clot blocks a pulmonary artery, often presenting with sudden dyspnea, chest pain, tachycardia, and diaphoresis, and requires immediate anticoagulation therapy.
What is a pulmonary embolism (PE)?
This malignant disease of plasma cells in the bone marrow is characterized by M-protein production, bone pain, lytic lesions, renal impairment, and anemia.
What is multiple myeloma?
This condition, characterized by hypercortisolism, presents with symptoms such as moon facies, buffalo hump, central obesity, hypertension, and muscle weakness.
What is Cushing’s syndrome?