OTC patient teaching
Why do we instruct patients to avoid buying drugs online?
Counterfeit products - incorrect formulations
What are the two active ingredients in cannabis?
THC and CBD
ADEK
Why do we ensure folic acid supplementation for pregnant women?
Prevent neural tube defects in the fetus
Name three signs of hypocalcemia.
muscle spasms, paresthesia, weak brittle nails, fractures
Name three common hidden drugs in OTC medications
alcohol, phenylephrine, calcium, magnesium, sodium, ibuprofen, acetaminophen, caffeine, sugar, aspirin, diphenhydramine
decreases nausea, increases appetite, decreases pain and inflammation
Name four of the water-soluble vitamins.
Where can we find sources of vitamin B12?
Animal products
What change does iron supplementation have on stool?
Dark green or black stool
Why would we recommend a generic OTC product vs a brand OTC product?
Cost - same formulation of active ingredient
What are three medicinal uses of CBD?
treat inflammatory conditions, pain, seizures, mental health disorders (substance abuse)
Why is vitamin A dangerous to pregnant women in large doses?
Fetal abnormalities
Name three foods high in vitamin C.
oranges, grapefruit, strawberries, cauliflower, cantaloupe, beef liver, asparagus, green leafy vegetables, potatoes
What does hyper- and hypokalemia cause?
Cardiac dysthrhythmias
Name 3 things the drug label includes.
Active ingredient, uses, warnings, directions, dosing, inactive ingredients
Name three common side effects of cannabis.
Dry mouth, sedation, cough, dysphoria, anxiety, red eyes, lack of coordination, altered sense of time
When is vitamin B1 (thiamine) given IV?
Alcoholic patient in a "banana bag" to prevent Wernicke encephalopathy
Which is the least toxic fat-soluble vitamin?
Vitamin E
What heart rhythm does low magnesium cause?
Torsades de pointes
How many OTC drugs are available?
>100,000
What system does cannabis act on in the body?
endocannabinoid system
What are the s/s of vitamin B2 (riboflavin) deficiency?
cracks in corners of mouth, soreness and burning of the tongue and lips, sore throat
What three places does vitamin D help move calcium in the body?
small intestine, kidneys, bone
What is Trousseau sign and how do we elicit it in a patient?
Low calcium: compress the upper arm with a BP cuff, inadvertently flexes the arm