P
Patient teaching for antibiotics
Take the full course of antibiotics, treat bacterial infections only, know anaphylaxis symptoms, know signs and symptoms of superinfection (sever diarrhea - C Diff , oral thrush)
How to recognize macrolide drugs?
End in -thromycin
Fluroquinolone adverse effects
Achilles tendon rupture, superinfection, crystalluria, hypersensitivity reaction
Adverse effects of polyene anti-fungal
Infusion reaction, hypokalemia, bone marrow suppression, thrombophlebitis, nephrotoxicity
Adverse effects of hydroxyurea
N/V, bone marrow suppression can occur 4-6 weeks after infusion, CNS effects, black box warnings for vasculitis toxicities and second malignancies
What is the difference in culture and sensitivity?
Culture - What kind of bacteria is growing
Sensitivity - What antibiotic will be effective against it
What are the clindamycin black box warnings?
Ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity
Example of a sulfonamide drug
Trimethoprim - sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ)
Pregnancy category of fluconazole
D
Isotretinoin contraindications
Pregnancy category X, breastfeeding, lactation
Penicillin drug class interaction
Aminoglycosides
When should peak and trough levels be drawn for aminoglycosides?
Peak - 30 minutes after drug completion
Trough - Drawn right before the next dose is administered
What is metronidazole used to treat?
H. Pylori and C. Diff infections
What drug is used to treat shingles/herpes?
Acyclovir
Bactericidal v.s. bacteriostatic
Bactericidal - Antibiotics kill the bacteria
Bacteriostatic - Inhibits growth of the bacteria
Cephalosporin contraindications
Calcium-containing products, alcohol, antacids, oral contraceptives, probenecid, nephrotoxic drugs
Tetracycline drug-food interactions
Dairy products
Rifampin side effects
Hepatotoxicity, red staining of secretions
Nitrofurantoin patient teaching
take with food/milk, avoid spicy foods, acidic foods, and caffeine, urine may be brown, liquid can stain the teeth, increase fluids
Characteristics of antibiotic resistance
More difficult to treat, can be caused by antibiotic overuse and not taking the full course of antibiotics
Vancomycin adverse effects
Red Man syndrome, ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, Steven Johnson syndrome, IV site pain
Tetracycline side effects
Photosensitivity, teeth staining, GI distress, superinfection, hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity (in high doses)
Drug-food interactions with INH
Alcohol and tyramine (aged cheese, fermented foods, aged meats)
Adverse effects of tamoxifen
General nursing interventions for antibiotics
Monitor for anaphylaxis, superinfections, and organ toxicity