toxic or just side effect?
A client taking digoxin reports nausea and fatigue. Which additional finding MOST concerns the nurse?
A. HR 58
B. Yellow halos around lights
C. Poor appetite
D. Mild headache
b. yellow halos around lights
visual disturbances are classic digoxin toxicity findings.
Which medication combination should the nurse question immediately?
A. Albuterol + prednisone
B. Nitroglycerin + sildenafil
C. Furosemide + potassium chloride
D. Omeprazole + calcium carbonate
b. nitroglycerin + sildenafil
never combine nitrates, and ED meds -> can cause life-threatening hypotension.
Which medication is BEST for acute bronchospasm?
A. Montelukast
B. Budesonide
C. Albuterol
D. Theophylline
c. albuterol
rescue inhaler for FAST bronchodilation
Which medication should NOT be given to a client with suspected C. difficile?
A. Ondansetron
B. Omeprazole
C. Loperamide
D. Sucralfate
c. loperamide
not to be given for patients with c.diff or food poisoning because it traps the bacteria.
A client asks why potassium levels matter while taking digoxin. What is the BEST response?
A. “Potassium has no effect on digoxin.”
B. “High potassium increases toxicity risk.”
C. “Low potassium increases toxicity risk.”
D. “Potassium only affects blood pressure.”
b. high potassium increases toxicity risk
A client prescribed theophylline begins vomiting and becomes restless. Which action should the nurse take FIRST?
A. Reduce environmental stimulation
B. Assess serum theophylline level
C. Encourage oral fluids
D. Administer oxygen
b. assess serum theophylline level
Vomiting and restlessness may indicate toxicity.
10-20 theraputic
A client receiving IV adenosine suddenly becomes flushed and says, “I feel like I’m dying.” What is the PRIORITY nursing action?
A. Stop the infusion
B. Notify the provider
C. Reassure the client this is temporary
D. Prepare for intubation
c. reassure the client this is temporary.
flushing/chest pressure/doom feeling are expected temporary effects.
A client using albuterol demonstrates effective teaching when stating:
A. “I will use this medication daily even without symptoms.”
B. “I should expect my heart rate to slow.”
C. “I may feel jittery after using this medication.”
D. “This medication reduces airway inflammation long term.”
c. i may feel jittery after using this medication
Jitteriness and tachycardia are common.
The nurse understands lactulose is effective when which finding occurs?
A. Increased appetite
B. Reduced ammonia levels
C. Decreased urine output
D. Elevated potassium
b. reduced ammonia levels
lactulose lowers ammonia in hepatic encephalopathy
Which medication should the nurse question in a client with asthma?
A. Albuterol
B. Propranolol
C. Montelukast
D. Budesonide
b. propranolol
propranolol is a nonselective beta blocker blocking heart and lungs, so it causes bronchoconstriction, wheezing, and possible respiratory distress.
A client taking pravastatin reports muscle soreness after exercising. Which finding MOST indicates rhabdomyolysis rather than expected soreness?
A. Muscle stiffness after activity
B. Dark cola-colored urine
C. Mild fatigue
D. Increased appetite
b. dark cola-colored urine.
muscle pani+ dark urine= emergency -> can signify rhabdomyolysis
Which assessment finding requires immediate intervention in a client receiving spironolactone?
A. Urinary frequency
B. Dry mouth
C. Peaked T waves
D. BP 102/64
c. peaked T waves
peak T waves = hyperkalemia
spironolactone is potassium sparing.
The nurse should question which prescription?
A. Pseudoephedrine for nasal congestion in a client with hypertension
B. Guaifenesin for thick secretions
C. Budesonide for asthma maintenance
D. Albuterol before exercise
a. pseudoephedrine for nasal congestion in a client with hypertension
pseudoepherdrine raises BP and HR
Which statement by a client taking omeprazole indicates understanding?
A. “I should stop this medication once symptoms improve.”
B. “Long-term use may increase fracture risk.”
C. “This medication works immediately during heartburn.”
D. “I should take this only with antacids.”
b. long term may increase fracture risk.
long term ppi use risks:
- fractures
- c. diff
- hypomagnesemia
The nurse understands lactulose is prescribed primarily to:
A. Stop diarrhea
B. Increase appetite
C. Reduce ammonia levels
D. Prevent GI bleeding
Lactulose is commonly used for -> hepaticc encephalopathy
traps ammonia in stool and removes it from the body.
The nurse suspects amiodarone toxicity in which client?
A. Client with constipation and dry mouth
B. Client with productive cough and dyspnea
C. Client with urinary retention
D. Client with mild ankle edema
b. client with productive cough and dyspnea
amiodarone can cause pulmonary toxicity
The nurse understands that propranolol is contraindicated in asthma because it:
A. Causes mucus production
B. Decreases respiratory drive
C. Produces bronchoconstriction
D. Causes pulmonary edema
c. produces bronchoconstriction
nonselective beta blockers block beta-2 receptors in lungs causing bronchoconstriction
A client taking montelukast requires immediate follow-up for which statement?
A. “I occasionally get headaches.”
B. “I’ve been feeling depressed lately.”
C. “I have mild nausea.”
D. “My mouth feels dry.”
b. ive been feeling depressed lately
black box warning - depression, suicidal ideation.
A client prescribed metoclopramide should be monitored MOST closely for:
A. Tinnitus
B. Extrapyramidal symptoms
C. Hypoglycemia
D. Bradycardia
b. EPS
metoclopramide can cause EPS because it blockes dopamine receptors.
A client receiving furosemide has muscle cramps. Which intervention is BEST?
A. Assess potassium level
B. Restrict fluids
C. Administer sodium bicarbonate
D. Increase calcium intake
a. assess potassium level
furosemide is a LOOP diuretic causing:
-potassium loss
-dehydration
-muscle cramps
-weakness
A nurse prepares to administer digoxin to four clients. Which client should the nurse assess FIRST?
A. Digoxin level 1.2 ng/mL
B. Potassium 3.1 mEq/L
C. HR 76
D. BP 138/82
b. potassium 3.1
hypokalemia dramatically increases digoxin toxicity risk.
A client receiving furosemide develops weakness, leg cramps, and palpitations. Which ECG finding would the nurse anticipate?
A. Peaked T waves
B. Wide QRS complexes
C. U waves
D. ST elevation
c. u waves
furosemide causes hypokalemia
A nurse is caring for a client with asthma who suddenly develops wheezing and dyspnea after receiving propranolol. Which action is PRIORITY?
A. Assess bowel sounds
B. Obtain blood glucose
C. Support airway and breathing
D. Encourage oral fluids
c. support airway and breathing.
airway/breathing always priority, the client is wheezing after beta blockade.
The nurse should intervene if a client taking bisacodyl states:
A. “I should increase fluids.”
B. “This medication stimulates bowel movements.”
C. “I use this every day for chronic constipation.”
D. “Abdominal cramping may occur.”
c. i use this everyday for chronic constipation
long term stimulant laxative can cause dependency
A client taking statins reports muscle pain. Which question is MOST important?
A. “Have you had headaches?”
B. “What color is your urine?”
C. “Have you had constipation?”
D. “Do you feel hungry?”
b. what color is your urine?
statins can cause rhabdomyolysis
one hude indicatior -> dark/cola colored urine.