Gram-Positive
This bacteria is a major concern for food industry d/t outbreaks of febrile gastroenteritis
Listeria monocytogenes
This gram-positive rod shaped bacteria causes food poisoning often associated with short cooking time of grains
What is bacillus cereus
A child comes in with ear pain. After various lab testing and examination, you come to the conclusion that it is a bacterial otitis media, where the bacteria is naturally found in the nasal cavity. The bacteria cultured was a Gram-negative, aerobic diplococci. What bacteria is causing this?
Moraxella catarrhalis
An 18 year old female comes in with frequent urination and painful urination. Lab tests show that her urine has nitrites. What is the most common or likely bacteria that would have caused this?
Escherichia coli
This Gram-negative rod is a leading cause of meningitis in children 6mo to 6 yrs. It can also cause sinusitis, otitis media, conjunctivitis and pneumonia. There is a vaccine for this. What bacteria is this?
Haemophilus influenza
A patient comes in with severe endocarditis. They state that they recently got dental work. You take a culture and the bacteria in question is an alpha hemolytic gram-positive bacteria. What do you suspect it is?
One of the Viridans group:
Streptococcus mitis
Streptococcus sanguis
Streptococcus mutans
A patient comes in with a UTI. The culture from the lab test shows a coagulase-negative gram-positive bacteria. What do you suspect it to be?
Staphylococcus saprophyticus
A patient comes in with abdominal cramps and bloody diarrhea after eating an undercooked cheeseburger at a cookout a couple days ago. He then began to develop hemolytic-uremic syndrome. What bacteria is the culprit?
Enterhemorrhagic strain of E. coli AKA serotype 0157:H7 that releases Shiga toxin
A 4 year old child who has never been vaccinated that lives in an orphanage comes in with symptoms of meningitis. The culture shows that the bacteria is a Gram-negative diplococci. What bacteria is likely to be responsible for their infection?
Neisseria meningitidis (a vaccine is available to all children, peak incidence is 6mo-5 years, and occurs more in populations that live closely together)
An elderly patient has recently come back from a cruise with a cough and congestion. X-rays show that they have atypical pneumonia. The bacteria in question is transmitted through water contamination. What could it be?
Legionella pneumophila
A patient comes in with necrotizing fasciitis. What flesh-eating bacteria is responsible for this?
Group A Strep - streptococcus pyogenes
This anaerobic, spore-producing Gram-positive rod shaped bacteria is associated with super infections of the intestines caused by antibiotics.
What is clostridioides difficile?
A patient comes in with nausea, vomiting and diarrhea, following a seafood boil with a lot of shrimp and oysters. The infection is suspected to be bacterial, so a stool sample was taken. The stool contained curved, rod-shaped Gram-negative bacteria. What bacteria cause the symptoms?
Vibrio cholerae
A patient comes in with high fever, abdominal pain, and diarrhea after traveling out of the country. After further testing, they are diagnosed with typhoid fever. The bacteria in question is a Gram-negative rod located both inside and out the enteric tract. What bacteria could have caused this?
Salmonella enterica typhi (also has a vaccine available!!)
An unvaccinated child comes with with a barking cough during the winter. After further evaluation, the child was diagnosed with whooping cough, or pertussis. What bacteria caused this?
Bordetella pertussis **vaccine available**
Humans are the only natural host for this bacteria. Infection is spread by airborne droplets but is very rare because a childhood vaccine is available. It is a gram-positive rod.
What is corynebacterium diphtheriae?
A patient comes in with rigid paralysis. You take a culture and it shows anaerobic, spore-producing gram-positive rods. What do you suspect?
Clostridium tetani
An 18 year old female comes in with vaginal discharge and dysuria following sexual contact. After exams and testing, she is diagnosed with cervicitis. The culture comes back to show a Gram-negative diplococci. What bacteria could have caused this?
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
This bacteria is only found in the human GI tract. It is linked to gastric carcinoma and MALT lymphomas. What bacteria is this?
Helicobacter pylori
This bacteria is responsible for the the Plague and Black Death. Although the spread has nearly halted, there are still causes around the western US and other countries. What bacteria causes these diseases?
Yersinia pestis
A patient comes in with an infection at the site of a vascular graft. After reviewing the incident, it seems that the site was nor properly cleaned. The bacteria cultured was a Gram-positive sphere/oval shaped coagulase-negative organism. What bacteria would you suspect is responsible?
Staphylococcus epidermidis
A patient comes in with a diffuse bright red rash, fever and sore throat. After various diagnostic testing, you come to the conclusion that they have scarlet fever. The bacteria in question is a Gram-positive, rod shaped beta-hemolytic bacteria. What bacteria is responsible?
Group A strep - streptococcus pyogenes
This bacteria is found outside of the enteric tract, is opportunistic and tends to cause nosocomial infections. It is resistant to a lot of disinfectants and antibiotics. It can also grow in water containing few nutrients. In addition, it can produce pigments useful in clinical diagnoses. What bacteria is this?
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
A patient comes in with symptoms of fever, chills, fatigue, malaise, and weight loss after drinking cow milk. After further testing, they are diagnosed with Mediterranean fever. Specifically what bacteria caused symptoms?
Brucella abortus (cattle)
If pigs, suis.
If goat/sheep, melitensis.
A patient comes in with acute flu-like symptoms and started to develop fever and adenopathy. They were then later diagnosed with tularemia. What bacteria is responsible for this disease?
Francisella tularensis