Anti Diabetic Drugs
What is the action of DPP-4 inhibitors? (3)
- increase insulin secretion
- decrease glucagon secretion to reduce glucose production
- HgA1C
What is a culture?
test that tells what kind of bacteria is in your body
What should you teach a pt taking a macrolide? (3)
- take on an empty stomach
- may increase bruising & watch for bleeding
What should you monitor with antituberculars? (3)
- LFT's
- tinnitus
What are the side effects of DPP-4 inhibitors? (3)
- PE
- hypoglycemia
What does HgA1C do, and what are the levels?
diagnoses a pt with diabetes
elderly = 7
younger = <6
When should you get a culture?
What should you teach a pt taking tetracyclines? (5)
- 2 hrs before/after antacids, Ca/Fe supplements, or Mg laxative
- decreases effectiveness of oral contraceptives
- take on empty stomach w/water
- avoid milk or dairy
-photosensitivity
What are the nursing interventions for the anti tubercular isoniazid?
- take on empty stomach
- peripheral neuropathy (avoid alcohol!)
- eye exams
What is the suffix for sodium glucose transporters 2 (SGTL 2) inhibitors?
-gliflozin
What should you teach a pt on insulin? (3)
- how to check blood glucose
- how to administer insulin
- compliance with diet, medication, & exercise
What should you monitor for with penicillin & cephalosporins ?
resistance
What should you teach a pt taking aminoglycosides? (2)
- notify immediately if tinnitus in ears or feeling off balance
- may increase bruising and bleeding
What are the nursing interventions for the antitubercular rifampin? (1)
turns body fluids orange
- urine
-contact lenses
What is the action of SGTL2 inhibitors?
block reabsorption of glucose in the kidneys causing glucose to be eliminated through the urine
What should you teach to a pt taking metformin?
take the med with their biggest meal of the day
What should you teach to a patient taking penicillin and/or cephalosporins? (3)
- most antibiotics cause diarrhea/nausea
- eat yogurt or OTC probiotic to prevent loss of intestinal bacteria
- take entire prescription
What should you teach a pt taking fluoroquinolones? (3)
- monitor nervousness, insomnia, tachycardia
- take on empty stomach with water
- report muscle pain
What are the nursing interventions for ethambutol? (3)
- dizziness, confusion
- hallucinations
- joint pain
What are the side effects of SGTL2 inhibitors: (4)
- UTI & yeast infection
- vaginitis
- candidiasis
- glycosuria 4+ (normal)
What is the suffix for macrolide drugs?
-thromycin
What should you teach a pt taking sulfonamides? (3)
- administer without regards to food
- take on empty stomach with full glass of water
- photosensitivity
What are the nursing interventions for streptomycin? (2)
- ototoxicity
- nephrotoxicity