Test 1.1
What are lab values for liver and kidney?
Liver - AST/ALT; Kidney - BUN, Creatinine clearance
Discoloration of body fluids to red/orange color is common for which drug?
Rifampin
What is the most effective way to administer pain meds?
On a fixed schedule
What are some lifestyle changes to reduce HTN?
Weight loss, sodium restriction, DASH diet, alcohol restriction, exercise 30 min/day, smoking cessation, maintenance of potassium and calcium intake
What body tissues are at risk with chemo?
Ones with high growth fraction - bone marrow, skin, hair follicles, sperm, GI tract
1 year of age
You do not want to give LAIV to which type of patients?
Immunocompromised patients
What is the treatment of choice for Parkinson's Disease?
Levodopa + Carbidopa
ACE inhibitors taken with what drug can increase risk of hyperkalemia?
Digoxin
What must you always do with oral steroids?
Taper oral steroids otherwise it may cause acute respiratory exacerbation or death
What is the metabolism of a drug and its passage from the liver into the circulation?
First pass effect
What is the most common drug allergy? What can it cause?
Penicillin; rash, anaphylaxis
Avoid foods containing tyramine in what drug?
MAOIS (Selegiline)
Antidote for Heparin?
Protamine Sulfate
What inhaler causes medicine to be 10% delivered to lungs without spacer?
Metered dose inhalers (MDIs)
The pH increases or decreases for pediatrics and geriatrics how?
increased; pH is less acidic
What drug causes a high risk of tendon rupture in pts. that are 60 years old, taking glucocorticoids and who have undergone heart, lung, or kidney transplatation?
Fluoroquinolones (Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin)
What are the cholinergic receptors? Adrenergic?
Cholinergic - nicotinic n, nicotinic m, muscarinic; Adrenergic - alpha 1, alpha 2, beta 1, beta 2, dopamine
Drug of choice for angina? How to take it?
Nitroglycerin; Take one under tongue, if pain not relieved take another nitro in 5 min x2 (up to 3 times) and call 911
What insulin can you NOT mix with other insulins?
Long Duration - Insulin glargine (Lantus), Insulin detemir (levemir)
Name some dangers of polypharmacy
Risk of drug interaction, adverse reactions, potential hospitalizations, increased risk for "drug induced" falls, bone fracture
What adverse effects do you want to watch with for Amphotercin B?
Infusion reaction (fever, chills, nausea, H/A), nephrotoxicity, hypokalemia
Name some sympathetic functions and some parasympathetic functions.
Sympathetic - Increased HR & BP, dilate bronchi, mydriasis, mobilize stored energy; Parasympathetic - Decreased HR & BP, increased GI secretions/movement, miosis, constrict bronchi, conserve energy
Don't use this isotonic solution if the patient has liver disease
Lactated Ringers; patients with hepatic disease have trouble metablizing the lactate
Nurse education for PUD:
Small frequent meals for peptic ulcers, stop smoking to prevent vasoconstriction, decrease or stop NSAIDs