Stimulants
This stimulant increases dopamine and norepinephrine.
Methylphenidate
This combo drug is the gold standard for Parkinson’s.
Carbidopa/levodopa
This class is first-line for mild pain and fever.
NSAIDs
This is a common side effect of stimulant medications.
Decreased appetite
This effect occurs with long-term levodopa use (involuntary movements).
Dyskinesia
This opioid adverse effect requires monitoring in all patients.
Respiratory depression
This non-stimulant ADHD medication is not a controlled substance.
Atomoxetine
This drug class directly stimulates dopamine receptors.
Dopamine agonists
This medication is used to reverse opioid overdose.
Narcan/naloxone
This is a key cardiovascular risk with stimulant use.
Increased HR/BP
This drug prevents peripheral breakdown of levodopa.
Carbidopa
This is a major long-term risk of opioid therapy.
Dependence/addiction
This is the biggest safety concern in children taking stimulants.
Growth suppression
This major adverse effect involves sudden sleep attacks.
Sudden onset of sleep
This concept refers to needing higher doses for the same effect.
Tolerance