In the Beginning
A drug the body (usually liver) converts to an active form
What is a pro-drug
Common annoying adverse affect of ACE-I
What is a dry hacky cough?
Diuretics, adrenergic antagonists (alpha and beta blockers), ACE inhibitors, ARBS, CCB, Direct Renin Inhibitors, and Vasodilators
What are classes of antihypertensives?
Medications that end in "artan"
What are Angiotensin Receptor Blockers?
What is a "drug holiday"
What are adverse effects for system glucocorticoid medications?
IV fluid containing electrolytes but no protein
What is a crystalloid?
Waist circumference greater than 40" for men or 30" for women
What is one of the five criteria for Metabolic Syndrome (what are the other criteria?)
Drop in blood pressure most severe when starting medication, common with ACE-I and alpha 1 blockers
What are adverse effects of Lidocaine?
Side effect of starting all antidepressants
What is suicidal ideation?
Beta Adrenergic Agonist rescue drug used for Asthma
What is Albuterol?
IV solution hung with blood products
What is 0.9% normal saline?
These beta blockers block only Beta 1 receptors
What are metoprolol and atenolol (why is this important?)
ACE-I safe for use in patients with liver disease
Contraindication to HCTZ?
What is a GFR less than 25?
Cheese, red wine, beer, yogurt, cured meat, sausage
What are foods that should be avoided for patients on MAOI's (why, what does this cause?)
Hours hypoglycemia is most likely to occur after taking NPH insulin
What is 4-8? (know peaks for all insulins)
This can occur when two highly protein bound drugs compete for binding sites
What is toxicity?
Sodium channel blockers, Beta blockers, Potassium channel blockers and calcium channel blockers
What are classes of antidysrhythmics?
Adrenergic Agonists medications with positive inotropic effect
Expected therapeutic PT/INR for someone on warfarin
What is 2.0-3.0 (3.5 if mechanical heart valve)
Fluoxetine, citalopram, venlafaxine, duloxetine, St. John Wort
What are medications that may lead to serotonin syndrome (what is this?)
Fatigue, weight gain, constipation, bradycardia, dry skin, cold intolerance
Phenomenon of drug metabolism whereby concentration of drug, specifically when administered orally, is greatly reduced before reaching systemic circulation
What is first pass effect?
First line therapy for black or African American patients with HTN
What are thiazide diuretics or Calcium Channel Blockers (not beta blockers)
Call 911 if taking 3rd dose, store in dark/original container, keep with you at all times, may take 1 every 5 minutes
What are teaching instructions for Nitro SL (what is this medication used for, what class is it?)
MAOI's, Adrenergic antagonists, antihistamines, thyroid medications, tricyclics
What are medications that interact with adrenergic agonists?
Impaired liver function and rhabdomyolysis
What are serious adverse effects of statins (know what rhabdomyolysis is)