Hormone therapy
This medication is used to treat menopause symptoms and prevent osteoporosis by replacing estrogen.
Estrogen (HRT)
This is a contraindication for estrogen therapy.
Breast cancer (or clotting disorders)
This hormone helps with early fetal development and breast development.
Progesterone
This adverse effect of estrogen therapy includes increased risk of stroke and heart failure.
Abnormal clotting
This system regulates estrogen and progesterone through LH and FSH release.
Pituitary gland
This type of contraceptive works by thickening cervical mucus to prevent sperm from entering.
Progestin-only pill (POP)
This contraceptive is taken 3 weeks active pills + 1 week placebo.
Combined oral contraceptive (COC)
This contraceptive device can stay in place for years and may be copper or hormone-based.
IUD
This group of patients should NOT receive combination oral contraceptives.
Smokers >35 (or clotting disorders, stroke hx)
This is the REAL-LIFE effectiveness rate of combined oral contraceptives.
~9% failure rate
This medication increases uterine contractions to speed up labor.
Oxytocin (Pitocin)
This medication is used to STOP preterm labor and treat preeclampsia.
Magnesium sulfate
This medication increases the chance of multiple births (twins).
Clomiphene (ovulation inducer)
This medication works by blocking estrogen receptors to trigger ovulation.
Clomiphene
This condition is treated with magnesium sulfate AND involves hypertension in pregnancy.
Preeclampsia
This drug class treats erectile dysfunction by increasing nitric oxide.
PDE5 inhibitors (ex: sildenafil)
This medication relaxes smooth muscle in the bladder neck to improve urination in BPH.
Alpha blockers (tamsulosin)
This medication decreases DHT levels and shrinks the prostate over time.
Finasteride
This medication should NOT be taken with nitrates due to severe hypotension.
Sildenafil (PDE5 inhibitor)
This medication can cause gynecomastia and is used for testosterone replacement.
Testosterone (androgens)
A 54-year-old postmenopausal woman is prescribed estradiol for severe hot flashes and osteoporosis prevention. During teaching, the nurse emphasizes monitoring for serious adverse effects related to this medication.
What is the MOST serious adverse effect associated with this medication that the nurse should monitor for?
Blood clots (thromboembolism / stroke risk)
A 36-year-old female who smokes 1 pack per day is prescribed a combined oral contraceptive (estrogen + progestin). During follow-up, the nurse reviews safety risks.
Why is this medication contraindicated in this patient?
Increased risk of blood clots due to estrogen + smoking
A pregnant client at 32 weeks gestation is receiving magnesium sulfate for preeclampsia. During assessment, the nurse notes decreased respiratory rate and decreased level of consciousness.
What is the priority concern related to this medication?
Magnesium toxicity causing respiratory depression
A 68-year-old male with BPH is started on finasteride. The nurse explains that the medication works by decreasing DHT levels.
What is the expected therapeutic effect of this medication?
Shrinkage of the prostate over time
A 58-year-old male takes sildenafil for erectile dysfunction and also has a prescription for nitroglycerin for chest pain. He asks if he can take both medications together.
What is the nurse’s BEST response?
Do NOT take together due to risk of severe hypotension