Topical medications
What are the most common skin medications?
Bacitracin, mupirocin, and silver sulfadiazine
mydriatics medications like ______ dilate the pupil, while Miotics like acetylcholine and pilocarpine ___________, and ________ like atropine and cyclopentolate paralyze the ciliary body but _______ has a paralysis of acommodation?
apraclonidine, constrict the pupil, Cycloplegics, cycloplegia
If a patient is taking latanoprost you should educate them that what may happen? and what class of medication is this?
In some patients with hazel, green, or blue/brown eyes, eye color will change permanently to brown
Prostaglandin Agonists
when giving otic medications what are 4 things you should assess for?
assess baseline hearing or auditory status
assess for contraindications such as a perforated eardrum
assess knowledge of eardrop administartion
Assess drug and food allergies
what part of the ear should you massage to encourage flow of the medication
tragus
what are the side effects of Bacitracin?
Itching, burning, and inflammation
DAILY DOUBLE!!!
What are the 2 cholinergic medications used in the eye?
What side effects should you educate the patient to observe for, If this medications has a sufficient amount enter the bloodstream?
Carbachol, pilocarpine
Hypotension, bradycardia, or tachycardia, headache, nausea, vomitting, diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and asthma attacks
If a patient were to topically apply an Ocular antimicrobial medication you should educate the patient that what may happen?
If a patient were to take an ophthalmic antibiotic and a corticosteroid what should you educate them may happen?
transient and local inflammation, burning, and stinging
difficult to rid the eye of infection
What might the nurse do before administering otic medications?
cleanse the outer ear thoroughly, and may need to remove eye wax by irrigation before instilling eardrops
What are the side effects of antihistamines
drying effects, and drowsiness
What are the side effects of Mupirocin? and what can the intranasal form be used to treat?
local burning, itching, and minor pain
MRSA
what is brimonidine commonly used to treat?
What could some ocular side effects of this medication be?
What are some rare systemic effects of this medication??
glaucoma and ocular hypertension
Burning, eye pain, lacrimation
Hypertension, tachycardia, headache, faintness
what antibiotic is commonly given to infants to treat neonatal conjunctivitis?
Erythromycin
What is a medication used to soften and help eliminate ear wax
Carbamide peroxide
What are the nursing implications for antihistamines
report excessive sedation, confusion, or hypotension
avoid driving or operating heavy machinery
avoid consuming alcohol or other CNS depressants
do not take these medications with other prescribed or OTC medications without checking with their prescribers
best tolerated when taken with meals reduces GI upset
If dry mouth occurs, perform frequent mouth care, chew gum or suck on hard candy
What education points should you make to a patient recently prescribed Benzoyl Peroxide
It may cause peeling skin, redness, or sensation of warmth
Produces improvement in 4 to 6 weeks
blistering or swelling is considered a allergic reaction
What type of medication is Timolol?
What is this medication commonly used to treat?
Beta Adrenergic blocker
open-angle glaucoma, and ocular hypertension
What are the nursing implications for opthalmic medication administration?
HINT: there are 6
have patient look to to the ceiling and place the drop in the conjunctival sac
apply pressure to the inner canthus for at least 1 minute to reduce systemic absorption of the drug
if multiple eye medications ordered, wait 5 minutes between each different eye drop
if the patient wears contact lenses check to see if they should be removed during therapy with eye medications
provide patient and family education on correct procedures for administration of eye medications
monitor for adverse effects and therapeutic response
If a nurse were to administer cold eardrops what may happen
cause vomiting and dizziness
What are 3 antihistamines
loratadine, cetirizine, and diphenhydramine
DAILY DOUBLE!!!!!
If a patient is prescribed clotrimazole, or miconazole what do you suspect ther diagnose is? What should you educate the patient that the side effects of these medications are?
A yeast infection
local irritation, pruritus, burning, sensation and scaling
A common carbonic anhydrase inhibitor is ________ and is given _____________ and you should avoid this medication in patients with a _______ allergies because cross sensitivities
Dorzolamide, preoperatively to reduce IOP, Sulfa
what is a common antibacterial otic medication?
what are antibacterial otic medications commonly combined with
Neomycin and polymyxin B plus hydrocortisone combination
Steriods, antiinflammatory, antipruritic, and antiallergic drugs
for adults you should hold the pinna ___ and ______, while for children younger than 3 years you should hold the pinna ____ down and back.
up and back
down and back
what are decongestants used to treat
nasal congestion associated with acute or chronic rhinitis, common cold, sinusitis, hay fever, other allergies