Drugs
This ultra short acting anesthetic is used for initial anesthesia.
Thiolpental
Kernicturus can occur in newborns due to this type of medication.
Sulfinamides
This is when a constant proportion of drug is cleared per unit time where the half life is constant.
First order elimination
This phase is metabolized by Cytochrome P450 enzymes.
Phase I metabolism
This drug is given as an antidote for tasty tasty antifreeze, because inhibition of Alcohol dehydrogenase prevents metabolism into toxic oxalate.
4-Methylprazole (Fomepizole)
Watch out clopidogrel takers, this PPI inhibits CYP2C19 which converts its it to the active form.
Omeprazole
Grey baby syndrome is a fatal adverse reaction because an infants inability to metabolize this drug...
Chloramphenicol
This is when a constant proportion of drug is cleared per unit time where the half life is NOT constant.
Zero order elimination.
When drugs undergo conjugation with exogenous molecules such as glucuronate, acetate, methyl, sulfate or glycine to form water soluble metabolites.
Phase II metabolism
When attempting to eat a whole bottle of tylenol, this drug provides the sulfide group needed to prevent death.
N-acetylcysteine (NAC, Acetadote, Mucomyst)
Used in colorectal cancer, this prodrug is metabolized into SN-38 to kill cancer cells. Patients with impaired UGT activity can experience sever leukopenia from it.
Irinotecan
Not just a fancy dance, Torsades is QT prolongation that can be caused from too much of this drug for vaginal candidiasis. It's also "the poster child" for CYP inhibition.
Ketoconazole
These 3 drugs have a low extraction ratio.
Phenytoin, aspirin, ethanol
UGT, NAT, TPMT, GST and SULT are all enzymes involved with...
Phase II metabolism
Along with alcohol and grapefruit juice, these 3 drugs cause extensive CYP450 inhibition...
1. Cimetidine
2.Ketoconazole
3. Erythromycin
These 3 thiopurines are immunosuppressants that are metabolized by TPMT.
1. Azathioprine
2. 6-mercaptopurine
3. thioguanine
Rhabdomyolysis is a disease of rapid muscle degeneration. With This can happen when diminished OATP1B1 allows build up of this category of drugs...
Statins
These 3 drugs can decrease the amount of other drugs in your system by inducing their metabolism.
1. St Johns Wort - Can reduce the amount of systemic HIV meds
2. Rifampin - Tuberculosis treatment
3. Carbamazepine - used in epilepsy. Suicidal enzyme
The prodrug codeine is demethylated to morphine by CYP2D6, this is an example of...
Phase I metabolism
After the allergy drug Terfenadine was removed from the market fdue to fatal K+ channel block. This drug with similar structure, but no K+ channel effect was marketed.
Fexofenadine (allegra)
When taking codeine, people with this phenotype end up with morphine toxicity.
Ultra rapid metabolizers
An HLA-B polymorphism can lead to toxic epidermal necrolysis or Steven Johnson's syndrome when taking this medication...
Abacavir
Hepatic clearance depends on these 3 things.
1.Bloodflow through the liver.
2. Fraction of free form of the drug
3. Intrinsic ability of hepatic enzymes to metabolize drug.
The drug Disulfiram is given to alcoholics to inhibit this enzyme...
Aldehyde dehydrogenase
In the HMP-Shunt pathway, G6PD helps to metabolize these 3 drugs...
1. Primaquine - antimalarial
2. Rasburicase - Treats increased uric acid in cancer
3. Sulfonamides