Medication Basics
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmodynamics
Medication Safety
Diabetic Medication
Thyroid
Analgesics
100
In this image "Cipro" would be the
A. Name/Trade name
B. Generic name 
A
100
What does ADMEE stand for?
Absorption
Distribution
Metabolism
Effect
Excretion
100
Definition of Pharmodynamics?
mechanism of a drugs action on living tissue (mechanism of action)
100
what is the most important role of the nurse in preventing drug errors?
a. always checking the patient's diagnosis before giving a drug
b. always following the "six rights" of drug administration
c. being the one defense for detecting and preventing drug errors
d. being most likely to detect a drug error that has occurred.
b. always following the "six rights" of drug administration
100
What is the only form of insulin that can be administered via IV?
Short term
100
What is cretinism?
baby is born with a poorly or nonfunctioning thyroid gland
100
A client who incurred an arm injury describes his pain as "sharp and localized to the lower arm." The nurse recognizes that this type of pain would be relieved best by administration of which type of medication? (Select all that apply)
a.) Muscle relaxant
b.) Acetaminophen
c.) Narcotic analgesics
d.) NSAIDs
c.) Narcotic analgesics
d.) NSAIDs
200
Identify what these abbreviation meal when they are seen on a medication bottle.
- XL
- SR
- ER
-XR
- Xl = Extra long
- SR = Sustained release
- ER = extended release
- XR = Extended release
200
Definition of absorption is?
The movement of a drug from its site of administration to the blood stream.
200
Identify the correct drug attachment style:
Some of the receptor or enzyme is activated, but overall activity is diminished
a. agonist
b. Non-competitive antagonist
c. Partial agonist
d. Antagonist
e. competitive antagonist
Partial agonist
200
When a medication error occurs what should you do FIRST?
Ensure that the patient is safe
200
The nurse has just completed teaching a client newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes about rapid-acting insulin. The nurse determines that teaching was effective when the client selects:
-Lispro
-Regular
-NPH
-Glargine
Lispro
200
Where is Levothyroxine (Snythroid) metabolized?
Liver
200
When taking a patient's drug history, the nurse asks about the use of over-the-counter drugs. The patient responds by saying, "Oh, I frequently take aspirin for my headaches, but I didn't mention it because aspirin is nonprescription." What is the best response from the nurse?
a. "That's true, over-the-counter drugs are generally not harmful."
b. "Aspirin is one of the safest drugs out there."
c. "Although aspirin is over the counter, it's still important to know why you take it, how much you take, and how often."
d. "We need you to be honest about the drugs you are taking. Are there any others that you haven't told us about?"
c. "Although aspirin is over the counter, it's still important to know why you take it, how much you take, and how often."
300
What is it called when a drug is being used for a purpose it was not approved for by the FDA?
off-label
300
What is bioavailability?
amount of the drug that is available for usage after entering the bloodstream.
300
Identify the correct drug attachment style:
Activates the beta 2 receptor in the lungs replaces smooth muscle and opens the airways in the lungs
a. agonist
b. Non-competitive antagonist
c. Partial agonist
d. Antagonist
e. competitive antagonist
A. Agonist
300
When giving a medicine through a nasogastric (NG) tube, the nurse will first do which of the following?
a. flush the tube with 30 mL of water
b. Check placement of the tube
c. take the vital signs
d. ask the patient if the tube is painful
b. Check placement of the tube
300
A patient with a diagnosis of diabetes is prescribed pramlintide (Symlin). How will this drug assist in controlling the patient's blood sugar?
A. It blocks the absorption of food.
B. It is absorbed by insulin.
C. It increases the release of insulin.
D. It slows gastric emptying.
D. It slows gastric emptying.
300
What class of medications can be used to treat the symptoms of hyperthyroidism?
Beta blockers-- decrease workload of the heart, pulse and BP
300
Which agent below is most likely to cause serious respiratory depression as a potential adverse reaction?
A) Morphine (Duramorph)
B) Pentazocine (Talwin)
C) Hydrocodone (Lortab)
D) Nalmefene (Revex)
A) Morphine (Duramorph)
400
A medication bottle reads "for Ophthalmic use only". What does this mean?
Medication is to be administered into the eye only.
400
While teaching a 76-year-old patient about the adverse effects of his medications, the nurse encourages him to keep a journal of the adverse effects he experiences. This intervention is important for the elderly patient because of which alterations in pharmacokinetics?
a. Increased renal excretion of protein-bound drugs
b. More alkaline gastric pH, resulting in more adverse effects
c. Decreased blood flow to the liver, resulting in altered metabolism
d. Less adipose tissue to store fat-soluble drugs
c. Decreased blood flow to the liver, resulting in altered metabolism
400
Identify the correct drug attachment style:
Two drugs compete to attach in the same receptor, whichever rendering the losing drug unable to bind and ultimately diminishing effect.
a. agonist
b. Non-competitive antagonist
c. Partial agonist
d. Antagonist
e. competitive antagonist
E. Competitive antagonist
400
Select all that apply:
Toxic concentration can be caused by:
a. too much drug ingested
b. too much drug absorbed
c. kidney failure
d. liver failure
All are correct
400
Which of the following is a rapid-acting insulin with an onset of action of less than 15 minutes?
A) insulin glargine (Lantus)
B) insulin aspart (Novolog)
C) regular insulin (Humulin R)
D) insulin detemir (Levemir)
B) insulin aspart (Novolog)
400
A patient comes into the ED and says that she has hyperthyroidism that is not managed. You begin her assessment by taking vitals. What would you expect to find?
High BP and pulse (meds should decrease this)
400
What are the two primary contraindications for opioid use?
1. Allergy to medication
2. Severe asthma
500
What is medication half-life?
the time required for one-half of a drug to be removed from the body
500
The nurse identifies which of the following factors as affecting pharmacokinetics? Select all that apply
a) age
b) disease
c) dehydration
d) psychological factors
e) drug tolerance
f) smoking and alcohol use
a) age
b) disease
c) dehydration
e) drug tolerance
f) smoking and alcohol use
500
A partial agonist is a drug that
a) stimulates action at receptor sites within the circulating blood
b) stimulates one response and inhibits another response
c) inhibits response when attached to a receptor site
d) stimulates a response at a receptor site
b) stimulates one response and inhibits another response
500
Fill in the blank:
Medications with a high therapeutic index require ___ monitoring and are __ likely to have adverse reactions.
Low,low
500
Which long-acting insulin mimics natural, basal insulin with no peak action and a duration of 24 hours?
A. Insulin glulisine
B. Insulin glargine
C. Regular insulin
D. NPH insulin
B. Insulin glargine
500
Patient teaching for a patient taking antithyroid medication will include the need to avoid which foods?
A) Soy products and seafood
B) Bananas and oranges
C) Dairy products
D) Processed meats and cheeses
A) Soy products and seafood
500
A postoperative patient has an epidural infusion of morphine sulfate (Astramorph). The patient's respiratory rate declines to 8 breaths/min. Which medication would the nurse anticipate administering?
A) Naloxone (Narcan)
B) Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)
C) Methylprednisolone (Solu-Medrol)
D) Protamine sulfate
A) Naloxone (Narcan)
600
The prescriber orders atenolol (Tenormin) 25 mg to be given orally once a day to control a patients high blood pressure. The nurse takes the patient's vital signs and finds that the blood pressure is 128/80 and the heart rate is 60 b/m. What does the nurse do first before giving this drug?
a. check the order for prescriber limitations on when the drug should be given
b. notify the prescriber and ask if the drug should be given
c. reassess the blood pressure and heart rate in 30 minutes
d. give the drug exactly as prescribed.
a. check the order for prescriber limitations on when the drug should be given
600
BONUS
What is the antidote for acetaminophen?
acetylcysteine
600
BONUS
What is the antidote for beta blockers?
Glucagon
600
In regards to pregnancy a drug with adverse effects seen in the animal fetuses but no information for human fetuses are available, would be considered what category of drug?
1. A
2. B
3. C
4. D
5. X
e. Category 3
600
Which long-acting insulin mimics natural, basal insulin with no peak action and a duration of 24 hours?
A) insulin glargine (Lantus)
B) insulin glulisine (Apidra)
C) regular insulin (Humulin R)
D) NPH insulin (Humulin N)
A) insulin glargine (Lantus)
600
A patient who is beginning therapy with levothyroxine (Synthroid) asks the nurse when the medication will start working. What is the nurse's best answer?
A) Immediately
B) Within a few days
C) Within a few weeks
D) Within a few months
C) Within a few weeks
600
BONUS
The most common example of Opioid Antagonist is the drug ___
Naloxone