Bacterial Classification
Antibiotics Therapy
Antibiotic Therapy or Actions
Antibiotics
More Antibiotics
100
Listeria and C. Diff
What are gram positive bascilli?
100
Broad coverage used to treat an infection prior to obtaining culture.
What is Empiric therapy?
100
Actions that kill bacteria or inhibit growth of susceptible bacteria.
What are bactericidal and Bacteriostatic?
100
Antibiotics that have bacteriostatic action, renal elimination, PCP, gram +/- coverage. Drugs-Sulfamethoxazole, Trimethoprim.
What are sulfonamides?
100
Clavulanic acid, Tazobactam, and Sulbactam.
What are chemicals that have been developed to inhibit beta-lactamase enzymes.
200
E. coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter spp., pseudomonas, B. fragilis
What are gram negative bacilli?
200
After the culture results are obtained, the antibiotics are changed accordingly.
What is stream-lined therapy?
200
An over growth of normal flora; such as a vaginal yeast infection.
What is a super infection?
200
Beta-Lactam antibiotics (name 4)
What are Penicillin, Cephalosporins, Carbapenem, monobactams?
200
Which antibiotics have seizures as an adverse effect?
Penicillin, Carbapenems and Cephalosporins
300
Gram negative cocci (name them)
What are Neisseria and Moraxella
300
A decrease in specific signs and symptoms of infection.
What is therapeutic response?
300
Bacterium that adapts and outsmarts the drugs.
What is Antibiotic resistance?
300
Which antibiotics are renally eliminated?
PCN, ampicillin, piperacillin, sulfonamides, Cephalosporins (except: ceftriaxone), carbapenems, monobactams, macrolides, Daptomycin, Vancomycin, Fluoroquinolones.
300
No coverage against atypical organisms, enterococcus, and listeria. Bacteriocidal, Adverse effects are seizures and C. diff.. Most are renally eliminated.
What are cephalosporins?
400
gram positive cocci (name 4)
What are staphylococcus, streptococcus, enterococcus, peptococcus
400
Antibiotics that are used to prevent infection, usually prior to abdominal surgery.
What is Phrophylactic therapy?
400
Four common mechanisms of action
What are interferes with cell wall synthesis, protein synthesis, and DNA replication. Acts as a metabolite to disrupt critical metabolic reactions within the cell?
400
Which antibiotics are hepatic elimination.
Tetracyclin, Doxycycline, Metronidazole, 3rd generation cephalosporin (ceftriaxone), Antistaphyloccal.
400
First generation Cephalosporin: bacteriocidal, good gram + coverage, Used for surgical prophylaxis, URIs, otitis media. Renal elimination. (name drug and dose)
What are Cefazolin: 1-2 grams IV q8h (IV only) Cephalexin: 250-500mg q6h (PO only)
500
Which bacteria are anaerobes
What are peptococcus, C. diff, and B. Fragilis
500
No improvement in signs and symptoms within 24hours.
What is Sub-therapeutic response?
500
Name the atypical bacteria
What are Chlamydia, Mycobacterium, Legionella
500
Bacteria produces enzymes capable of destroying penicillins which causes resistance is known as.
What is Beta-lactamases?
500
Second Generation Cephalosporin: better gram + coverage, gram -ve HEN-PEK. Anaerobic coverage: B. fragilis. (Drugs and dosages)
What are Cefuroxime 750-1500mg IV q8h Cefotetan 1-2 grams IV q12h Cefoxitin 1-2 grams IV q6-8h
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