Basics of Pharmacology
The term for the direct action of the drug on the body
What is the therapeutic effect?
The goal of anti-infective agents..
target foreign organisms that have invaded and infected the body of a human hose
With chlorozoxane (muscle relaxer), there is a certain adverse effect that you need to watch for.
What is color change of the urine? (red)
Name the five types of seizures.
What are generalized, absence, tonic-clonic, partial seizure, and status epilepticus?
What drug is used for the mainstay treatment of Parkinson's disease and what drug is commonly combined with it and why?
What is Levodopa?
Carbidopa because it decreases the incidence of adverse effects
The parts of the drug evaluation process and FDA approval in the correct order.
Preclinical trials, phase I, phase II, phase III, FDA approval, phase IV
The difference between bactericidal and bacteriostatic
bactericidal: substance that causes death of bacteria
bacteriostatic: substance the prevents the replication of bacteria
Name three narcotics and one narcotic antagonist.
what are morphine, hydromorphone, oxycodone, naloxone?
What is the prototype of hydantoins and what is the therapeutic level of the drug?
What is phenytoin and 10-20mcg/mL?
What drug interact with dopaminergic agents (Levodopa, Amantidine, Ropinirole, Rasagiline)?
What are MAOI's; therapeutic effects increase and risk of hypertensive crisis exists; should be stopped 14 days before beginning therapy with a dopaminergic
The excessive response to the primary or secondary effects of a drug.
what is hypersensitivity?
The ability of pathogens over time adapt to an anti infective to produce cells that are no longer affected by a particular drug
What is resistance?
Salicylates have three main properties that are associated with comfort...what are they?
What are anti-inflammatory (no swelling), antipyretic (no fever), analgesic (pain relief)?
What is the prototype of benzodiazepines?
What is diazepam?
What vitamin should not be taken with Levodopa due to its decreased efficiency with the drug?
What is Vitamin B6?
Name the seven rights of medication.
correct:
patient, dose, route, storage, preparation, time, and documentation
Aminoglycosides should be avoided in patients with this type of loss because it would be intensified by toxic drug effects on the auditory nerve.
What is hearing loss?
Acetominophen has drug-drug interactions with what perfusion class?
What are anticoagulants?
The main drug to treat absence seizures and labs to monitor when taking the drug.
What is valproic acid and are LFT's and BUN?
What GI adverse effect can occur with Dopaminergic agents and what teaching can go along with it?
What is GI depression or obstruction; stay hydrated?
Proper evaluation to see if the drug that was administered actually worked.
therapeutic response
These types of drugs treat leporacy and tuberculosis.
What are antimycobacterials?
What is the main point in teaching to the patient about consumption of NSAIDS?
What is drink plenty of water and take with small meals?
The 5 main drugs for treating partial seizures.
What are carbamazepine, gabapentin, lamotrigine, levetiracetam, pregabalin?
Anticholinergic agents are indicated for what and what GI adverse effects can be seen with them?
What is treatment of Parkinsonism, whether idiopathic, atherosclerotic, or postencephalitic, and for the relief of symptoms of extrapyramidal disorders associated with the use of some drugs, including phenothiazines?