Exam 1 Content
Drug movement through the body including absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion.
Pharmacokinetics
Patient education for new prescription of ACE-Inhibitor should include monitoring of what?
Blood Pressure (and heart rate)
ondansetron (Zofran) is commonly given to treat what symptom?
nausea/vomiting
No! Common side effect, no medical indications, patient education: don't wear contact lenses.
Which of the following are adverse effects for furosemide (Lasix)?
Hyperkalemia, Ototoxicity, Hypertension, Hypoglycemia, Hypovolemia
Ototoxicity, Hypovolemia
Length of time it takes to remove half of the blood concentration of the drug.
Half-life
Patients taking loop diuretics like furosemide should make what kind of dietary change?
Increase potassium in diet
What medication can be administered IV, IM or subQ in a patient with a BG of 55 mg/dl?
glucagon
What medication (brand name) is the first line therapy for status epilepticus (acute seizure)?
lorazepam
A patient takes levothyroxine (Synthroid) daily, requiring which laboratory test to be reviewed and monitored?
Luteinizing hormone (LH), Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), Serum free T4, Serum calcium level, Hemoglobin count
TSH and Free T4
Kidney and liver disease will make what type of influence on the duration of action of a drug?
Increase/Lengthen
Generic name of a diuretic that can cause high potassium levels.
spironolactone (Aldactone)
Antidote for acetaminophen (Tylenol) overdose is:
acetylcysteine
A patient experiencing Malignant Hyperthermia due to receiving succinylcholine during surgery will be treated with what skeletal muscle relaxant?
dantrolene
Which of the following statements are correct regarding lab monitoring of anticoagulant therapy?
A. Aspirin therapy is monitored by platelet count
B. warfarin (Coumadin) therapy is monitored and dose adjusted based upon the PT/INR values
C. Vitamin K will influence PT/INR lab values
D. enoxaparin (Lovenox) therapy is monitored by platelet count
E. heparin therapy is monitored by aPTT
A, B, C, E
Priority adverse effects of cough suppressants containing diphenhydramine.
Decrease in mental alertness/drowsiness/CNS depression
Others: dry mouth, GI upset
Irritability, confusion/disorientation to place and time, nausea, blurred and discolored vision are signs and symptoms of what antidysrhythmic medication toxicity?
digoxin
The nurse administers 5 units of insulin lispro (Humalog) to a hospitalized client with diabetes mellitus at 7:00 am. The nurse is aware that hypoglycemic reaction will most likely occur at which time?: 0900, 1200, 1500, 2100
0900
A patient receiving drugs that cause myelosuppression has a low neutrophil count. What medication can be administered to treat their neutropenia?
filgrastim
Which of the following statements are true regarding lab monitoring?
A. Neutropenia is a common indication of use for the medication filgrastim.
B. Low hemoglobin levels will make your patient tired and short of breath due to decreased oxygen capacity.
C. Serum potassium levels are linked with seizure activity.
D. Liver function tests can describe alterations in excretion of drugs.
E. Blood glucose levels are monitored in glucocorticoid use due to hyperglycemia side effects.
A, B, E
Acute asthma attack requires the administration of what medication?
Albuterol
A calcium channel blocker, such as nifedipine (Procardia), is contraindicated in what type of heart rhythm?
3rd degree Heart Block
Calcitonin is given for patients with hyperparathyroidism to help ________ calcium levels in the blood.
Decrease/lower
A patient is admitted with a severe infection and is started on an intravenous broad spectrum antibiotic therapy regiment. What are three priority actions by the nurse that must be completed prior to administering the first dose of antibiotics?
1. Assess for Allergies, 2. Assess IV site, 3. Ensure a culture has been collected (or do so if not).
A professional rugby player is diagnosed with atrial fibrillation and is being discharged on a new daily medication, warfarin (Coumadin) to prevent thrombus formation. Which of the following should be included in the discharge teaching plan about this drug?
A. Take at the same time each day.
B. Keep intake of foods that contain vitamin K consistent in diet.
C. Use a twin blade razor for shaving.
D. Report bleeding & bruising to provider immediately.
E. Attend all lab testing and follow up appointments.
A, B, D, E