DRUG BASICS
This term describes what the body does to a drug.
What is pharmacokinetics?
These are unwanted but predictable, dose-related effects (e.g., GI upset).
What are side effects?
This common pain reliever is not anti-inflammatory and is safe for patients on blood thinners.
What is acetaminophen?
These drugs end in –OLOL.
What are beta blockers?
Local anesthetics work by blocking this ion channel.
What is the sodium channel?
This drug measurement compares the ED₅₀ and LD₅₀ to determine safety.
This drug measurement compares the ED₅₀ and LD₅₀ to determine safety.
These reactions are NOT dose-related and can cause anaphylaxis.
What are allergic reactions?
These drugs are contraindicated for patients with a penicillin allergy.
What are all penicillin-class antibiotics?
These anti-hypertensive drugs often cause dry mouth and gingival hyperplasia.
What are calcium channel blockers?
This letter trick helps students remember esters vs. amides.
What is “One I = ester, Two I’s = amide”?
The maximum effect a drug can produce is called this.
What is efficacy?
A high concentration of a drug causes damage to organs.
What is a toxic reaction?
This anti-anxiety drug class enhances GABA.
What are benzodiazepines?
These drugs end in –PRIL and lower blood pressure.
What are ACE inhibitors?
The maximum recommended dose of epinephrine for cardiac patients.
What is 0.04 mg?
The amount of drug needed to achieve an effect is described by this term.
What is potency?
This respiratory disease makes aspirin contraindicated.
What is asthma?
These drugs treat asthma attacks by rapidly dilating the bronchi.
What are short-acting beta agonists (e.g., albuterol)?
This diabetic medication carries the side effect of poor wound healing.
What is metformin?
This premed antibiotic is first-line unless the patient has an allergy.
What is amoxicillin?
The phenomenon in which a patient requires higher doses over time to achieve the same effect.
What is tolerance?
Name the three drug categories commonly associated with gingival enlargement.
What are calcium channel blockers, phenytoin, and cyclosporine?
This nitrous oxide contraindication relates to decreased gas exchange in the lungs.
What is COPD?
This drug is used for heart failure and causes salivation and vision changes.
What is digoxin?
Name one heart condition requiring antibiotic prophylaxis.
What is a prosthetic heart valve, history of infective endocarditis, cardiac transplant w/ valvulopathy, unrepaired cyanotic congenital heart disease, or repaired congenital heart disease with residual defects?