Don't Go Breaking My Heart
the quantity of blood pumped by the heart in a given period of time, typically measured in liters per minute.
cardiac output
Drugs which increase the formation of urine.
diuretics
A term describing when the heart’s supply of oxygen rich blood is insufficient to meet the heart muscle’s metabolic demands causing the heart muscle to “ache”.
Angina
Tiny blood cells that help form blood clots to slow or stop bleeding.
Platelets
Drug class which prevents stimulation of beta receptors in the heart which decreases heart rate and contractility. Also prevents release of renin.
Beta-blockers
A condition in which fluid builds up in the lungs.
pulmonary edema
The ideal time of day to take a diuretic.
the morning
Medication often given for acute angina
nitroglycerin
Drug class which prevents influx of calcium ion across cell membrane of vascular smooth muscle, which leads to dilation of peripheral and coronary arteries.
Calcium-channel blockers
Term for the muscle layer of the heart
myocardium
This group of diuretics blocks the action of aldosterone in the distal tubule which results in potassium retention and the excretion of sodium and water.
Potassium-wasting diuretics (i.e. spironolactone)
During an acute episode of angina, nitroglycerin tablets may be given every ___ minutes, up to three doses.
Five
Term for intravascular clot or blood clot formed within a blood vessel or the heart.
thrombus
Drug class which blocks the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II. Also prevents breakdown of bradykinins which leads to vasodilation.
Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE inhibitor).
Pathologic state in which the heart is unable to pump blood in sufficient amounts to meet the body’s metabolic needs (decreased cardiac output).
Heart Failure
furosemide
Prevented by allowing a regular nitrate-free period to allow enzyme pathways to replenish
Tolerance
Name for a thrombus that travels from its site of origin.
Embolus
Generic name of a beta-blocker
Metoprolol, labetolol, propanolol.
Term for abnormally thick left ventricle walls due to the increase in size of the cardiac cells.
left ventricle hypertrophy
The primary indication for mannitol
decrease cerebral edema
acetaminophen (Tylenol)
Easy bruising, coffee-ground emesis, and black-tarry stools are all signs of this adverse effect.
Bleeding
Generic name of a calcium-channel blocker
diltiazem (Cardizem), verapamil (Calan)