Beta Agonists & Bronchodilators
Common side effect of albuterol:
A. Bradycardia
B. Tremors
C. Hypotension
D. Constipation
Answer: B
Rationale: Beta‑2 stimulation causes tremors and tachycardia.
Beta blockers mask symptoms of:
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypoglycemia
C. Hypernatremia
D. Hypocalcemia
Answer: B
Rationale: They block tachycardia, a key hypoglycemia sign.
Vancomycin requires monitoring of:
A. INR
B. Trough levels
C. aPTT
D. Platelets
Answer: B
Rationale: Troughs ensure therapeutic levels and prevent toxicity.
Potassium chloride IV must be:
A. Given IV push
B. Given IM
C. Given rapidly
D. Diluted and infused via pump
Answer: D
Rationale: IV push K+ causes cardiac arrest.
Correct sequence for MDI without spacer:
A. Inhale, then press
B. Press, then exhale
C. Exhale, press, then inhale slowly
D. Exhale, inhale while pressing
Answer: D
Rationale: Exhale fully, then inhale slowly while pressing the canister.
Ipratropium should be avoided in:
A. Glaucoma
B. Diabetes
C. Hypertension
D. GERD
Answer: A
Rationale: Beta‑2 stimulation causes tremors and tachycardia.
Life-threatening ACE inhibitor reaction:
A. Rash
B. Headache
C. Nausea
D. Angioedema
Answer: D
Rationale: Angioedema can obstruct the airway.
Rapid vancomycin infusion causes:
A. Stevens-Johnson
B. HIT
C. Anaphylaxis
D. Red man syndrome
Answer: D
Rationale: Histamine release causes flushing and hypotension.
Oral potassium should be taken:
A. On empty stomach
B. With food
C. At bedtime
D. With milk only
Answer: B
Rationale: Food reduces GI irritation.
Teaching for inhaled steroids includes:
A. Use for acute attacks
B. Rinse mouth after use
C. Use before albuterol
D. Take only as needed
Answer: B
Rationale: Rinsing prevents oral candidiasis.
Theophylline toxicity presents with:
A. Bradycardia
B. Constipation
C. Seizures
D. Rash
Answer: C
Rationale: Theophylline has a narrow therapeutic range; toxicity causes arrhythmias and seizures.
Hold digoxin if:
A. HR 110
B. HR 70
C. HR 58
D. HR 90
Answer: C
Rationale: Hold if apical pulse < 60.
Penicillin allergy risk:
A. Cross-reactivity with cephalosporins
B. Hyperkalemia
C. Hypertension
D. Tachycardia
Answer: A
Rationale: Cephalosporins share similar structure.
Which ECG change indicates hyperkalemia?
A. Peaked T waves
B. ST depression
C. U waves
D. Prolonged QT
Answer: A
Rationale: High potassium causes tall, peaked T waves.
A spacer is used to:
A. Increase drug in mouth
B. Decrease lung deposition
C. Improve drug delivery to lungs
D. Shorten inhalation time
Answer: C
Rationale: Spacers help more medication reach the lower airways.
A patient using albuterol and a steroid inhaler should:
A. Use steroid first
B. Use albuterol first
C. Use both together
D. Skip albuterol
Answer: B
Rationale: Albuterol opens airways so steroids can penetrate deeper.
Nitrates should NOT be taken with:
A. Acetaminophen
B. Sildenafil
C. Aspirin
D. Ibuprofen
Answer: B
Rationale: Combination causes fatal hypotension.
Cefepime is a:
A. Macrolide
B. Cephalosporin
C. Tetracycline
D. Aminoglycoside
Answer: B
Rationale: Cefepime is a 4th‑generation cephalosporin.
Which electrolyte helps control heart rhythm and muscle function?
A. Calcium
B. Potassium
C. Sodium
D. Chloride
Answer: B
Rationale: Potassium is important for normal heart beats and muscle contractions.
A patient using a nebulizer asks how long each treatment should last. Best answer?
A. “About 2–3 minutes.”
B. “About 10–15 minutes.”
C. “About 30 minutes.”
D. “Over an hour.”
Answer: B
Rationale: Typical nebulizer treatments last 10–15 minutes.
Nebulizer treatments may cause:
A. Hypoglycemia
B. Hypothermia
C. Bradycardia
D. Tachycardia
Answer: D
Rationale: Beta‑agonists increase heart rate.
Hydrochlorothiazide is used for:
A. Hypertension
B. Heart failure
C. Asthma
D. Infection
Answer: A
Rationale: Thiazides are first-line for hypertension.
Cefepime risk:
A. C. diff
B. Hypoglycemia
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Bradycardia
Answer: A
Rationale: Broad-spectrum antibiotics disrupt gut flora.
A sodium level below 135 mEq/L is called this?
A. Hypernatremia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hyponatremia
D. Hypercalcemia
Answer: C
Rationale: Hyponatremia means the sodium level in the blood is too low.
A patient with glaucoma is prescribed ipratropium. Nurse should:
A. Question the order
B. Administer as ordered
C. Give double dose
D. Give with food
Answer: A
Rationale: Anticholinergics can worsen glaucoma.