ASMs
The updated term is ASM and this is the term it replaced.
What is AED (Anti-Epileptic Drugs)
This dose‑dependent adverse effect of vancomycin is associated with rapid infusion rates and differs mechanistically from IgE‑mediated hypersensitivity.
What is Red Man syndrome (vancomycin infusion reaction)?
This type of IV fluid should be avoided with brain injury because of the risk of worsening brain swelling.
What are dextrose-containing fluids?
Corticosteroids are given in the neuro population to help decrease brain swelling, treat inflammation, and suppress immune response. These are examples.
What are dexamethasone (Decadron), methylprednisone (Solumedrol) and prednisone?
This benzodiazepine is the preferred first-line agent for status epilepticus and can be given orally, IV or IM.
What is lorazepam (Ativan)?
This adverse effect of long‑term proton pump inhibitor use is linked to hypomagnesemia, increased fracture risk, and altered calcium absorption.
What is decreased bone mineral density (or osteoporosis)?
Nimodipine/Norvasc, Amlodipine, Nicardipine/Cardine
What are examples of Calcium Channel Blockers?
This DOAC cannot be crushed and given through an enteral tube?
What is Pradaxa?
This anti-seizure medication poses a risk of cardiac toxicity. It should be given slowly (<50 mg/min) when given IV and is not compatible with fluids containing dextrose. It is a vesicant and can cause serious subcutaneous damage if it extravasates.
What is phenytoin (Dilantin)?
This appetite stimulant can cause increase drowsiness and risk for delirium development
What is Mirtazapine?
These are examples of Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs). They bind to angiotensin AT1 and AT2 receptors to block the vasoconstrictor and aldosterone-secreting effects of angiotensin II to lower blood pressure.
What are Losartan/Cozaar or Valsartan/Diovan?
This anti-psychotic medication is given by IV push or IM injection and has a risk of QTc prolongation on EKG.
What is Haldol?
Your patient tells you that they have felt uncharacteristically agitated and experienced fits of rage lately. You suspect that it could be related to this specific anti-seizure medication.
What is leviteracetam (Keppra)?
Characterized by hyperthermia, muscle rigidity, autonomic instability, and altered mental status, this rare but serious reaction can occur with antipsychotic medications.
What is Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome?
This class of drug blocks channels in vascular smooth muscle and myocardium to produce vasodilation, resulting in decreased blood pressure
What are Calcium Channel Blockers?
This class of medication is an important link in the chain of stroke prevention. It is a cholesterol-lowering medication.
What are Statins?
All anti-seizure medications carry an FDA warning for this?
What is suicidal ideation?
In patients with baseline cognitive impairment or psychosis, this antiparkinsonian agent may worsen neuropsychiatric symptoms due to increased dopaminergic activity and reduced renal clearance, leading to drug accumulation
What is amantadine?
Lisinopril, for example. This class inhibits angiotensin-converting enzymes resulting in reduced blood pressure.
What are ACE inhibitors?
This thrombolytic therapy is given as an IV push over 5-10 minutes. The maximum dose is 25 mg. It is considered the preferred medication for thrombolytic therapy in the setting of Acute Ischemic Stroke.
What is tenecteplase (TNK)?